Efficiencies of Induction of DNA Double Strand Breaks in Solution by Photoabsorption at Phosphorus and Platinum

Abstract

Purpose: This paper aims at determining and comparing the cross sections and quantum yields for DNA strand break induction by the Auger effect at the K‐shell of phosphorus and at the L_III‐shell of platinum.

Materials and methods: Using synchrotron radiation, free and Pt‐bound pBR322 plasmid DNA were irradiated in solution with monochromatic X‐rays, the energies of which were 2.153 and 2.147 keV, corresponding to “on” and “below” the phosphorus K‐shell photoabsorption, and 11.566 and 11.542 keV for “above” and “below” the L_III‐shell photoabsorption of platinum, respectively. To suppress indirect effects by hydroxyl radicals, DMSO (1M) was used as a scavenger.

Results: The inner‐shell photoabsorption of phosphorus and of platinum significantly increased the induction of DNA double strand breaks (DSB), whereas it had little effect on single strand break (SSB) induction. The quantum yields for the induction of DSB were calculated to be 0.017 and 1.13, in the case of phosphorus and platinum, respectively.

Conclusions: The value of the quantum yield for the DSB induction of platinum was about 66‐fold larger than that for the phosphorus. These results clearly demonstrate that the quantum yield of DSB depends upon the magnitude of the Auger cascade.