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Abstract
Purpose: The aim of the present investigation was to study the effect of fractionated whole body low dose ionizing radiation (LDR) on the functional responses of T lymphocytes, their subpopulations and macrophages.
Materials and methods: C57BL/6 mice were exposed to 4 cGy from a 60Co source, at 0.31 cGy/min, at 24 h intervals for 5 days (total dose 20 cGy). Phagocytic activity was measured by flow cytometry using Bioparticles® and nitric oxide generation was estimated by spectrophotometry. Proliferation of lymphocytes in response to concanavalin A (con A) and alloantigens was measured by 3H thymidine incorporation. Expression of cell surface markers was assessed by flow cytometric analysis of antibody labeled cells. Target cell killing by cytotoxic T cells (CTL) generated against allogenic cells was assessed by flow cytometry using PKH26 labeled target cells. Cytokines were estimated by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay.
Results: Exposure to LDR enhanced nitric oxide secretion and phagocytosis. The expression of early activation antigen, CD69, was enhanced in CD8+ T lymphocytes concomitant with enhanced proliferation in response to con A. In addition, mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) and CTL response were augmented and secretion of interferon gamma (IFN-γ) was suppressed following LDR exposure.
Conclusions: LDR exposure enhanced the function of macrophages and responses of CD8+ T cells in C57BL/6 mice.
| Abbreviations | ||
| CD | = | Cluster of Differentiation |
| cGy | = | Centi Gray |
| Con A | = | Concanavalin A |
| CTL | = | Cytotoxic T lymphocyte |
| DNFB | = | Dinitrofluorobenzene |
| DTH | = | Delayed type hypersensitivity |
| E:T | = | Effector:Target |
| ELISA | = | Enzyme Linked Imunosorbent Assay |
| FDA | = | Fluorescein diacetate |
| FACS | = | Fluorescence activated cell sorter |
| FITC | = | Fluorescein isothiocyanate |
| FL1 | = | Fluorescence Detector 1 (530 nm; Green fluorescence) |
| FL 2 | = | Fluorescence Detector 2 (585 nm; Red fluorescence) |
| Gy | = | Gray |
| HEPES | = | (N-[2-Hydroxyethyl]piperazine-N'-[2-ethanesulfonic acid]) |
| HSP | = | Heat shock protein |
| IFN-γ | = | Interferon gamma |
| IL | = | Interleukin |
| LDR | = | Low dose radiation |
| MHC | = | Major histocompatibility complex |
| MLR | = | Mixed lymphocyte reaction |
| NO | = | Nitric Oxide |
| PE | = | Phycoerythrin |
| PEC | = | Peritoneal exudate cells |
| RPMI | = | Roswell Park Memorial Institute |
| Abbreviations | ||
| CD | = | Cluster of Differentiation |
| cGy | = | Centi Gray |
| Con A | = | Concanavalin A |
| CTL | = | Cytotoxic T lymphocyte |
| DNFB | = | Dinitrofluorobenzene |
| DTH | = | Delayed type hypersensitivity |
| E:T | = | Effector:Target |
| ELISA | = | Enzyme Linked Imunosorbent Assay |
| FDA | = | Fluorescein diacetate |
| FACS | = | Fluorescence activated cell sorter |
| FITC | = | Fluorescein isothiocyanate |
| FL1 | = | Fluorescence Detector 1 (530 nm; Green fluorescence) |
| FL 2 | = | Fluorescence Detector 2 (585 nm; Red fluorescence) |
| Gy | = | Gray |
| HEPES | = | (N-[2-Hydroxyethyl]piperazine-N'-[2-ethanesulfonic acid]) |
| HSP | = | Heat shock protein |
| IFN-γ | = | Interferon gamma |
| IL | = | Interleukin |
| LDR | = | Low dose radiation |
| MHC | = | Major histocompatibility complex |
| MLR | = | Mixed lymphocyte reaction |
| NO | = | Nitric Oxide |
| PE | = | Phycoerythrin |
| PEC | = | Peritoneal exudate cells |
| RPMI | = | Roswell Park Memorial Institute |