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Abstract
Purpose
To verify the hypothesis about the preservation of signs of radiation-induced genomic instability at the flowering stage of the chamomile plant after pre-sowing seed irradiation, the interaction of dose-dependent changes in the level of DNA damage and stimulation of antioxidant production.
Materials and methods
The study was carried out on two genotypes of chamomile, Perlyna Lisostepu variety and its mutant, using pre-sowing seed radiation exposure at dose levels 5–15 Gy. Studies of the rearrangement of the primary DNA structure of under different doses were studied on plant tissues at the flowering stage using – ISSR and RAPD DNA markers. Dose-dependent changes relative to the control of the amplicons’ spectra were analyzed using the Jacquard similarity index. Antioxidants such as flavonoids and phenols were isolated from pharmaceutical raw materials (inflorescences) using traditional methods.
Results
Preservation of multiple DNA damages at the stage of plant flowering under pre-sowing seed irradiation at low doses was confirmed. It was found that the largest rearrangements of the primary DNA structure of both genotypes, manifested in reduced similarity with the control spectra of amplicons, were observed under irradiation dose levels 5–10 Gy. There was a tendency to approach this indicator to the control under 15 Gy dose, which means increasing efficiency of the reparative processes. The relationship between the polymorphism of the primary structure of DNA by ISSR-RAPD-markers in different genotypes and the nature of its rearrangement under radiation exposure was shown. Dose dependences of changes in the specific content of antioxidants were non-monotonic with a maximum at 5–10 Gy.
Conclusions
Comparison of dose dependences of changes in the coefficient of similarity of the spectrum of amplicons between irradiated and control variants with nonmonotonic dose curves in the specific content of antioxidants allowed to suggest that there was the antioxidant protection stimulation under the doses corresponding to low efficiency of repair processes. The decrease in the specific content of antioxidants followed the restoration of the genetic material normal state. The interpretation of the identified phenomenon has been based on both known connection between the effects of genomic instability and the increasing yield of the reactive oxygen species and general principles of antioxidant protection.
Disclosure statement
No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).
Additional information
Funding
Notes on contributors
Daryna A. Sokolova
Daryna A. Sokolova, PhD, Senior researcher of the Department of Biophysics and Radiobiology of the Institute Cell Biology and Genetic Engineering of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine.
Taras V. Halych
Taras V. Halych graduated from Applied Physics Department of National Aviation University, Kyiv, Ukraine. Halych has bachelor degree in physics; PhD student in the Department of Biophysics and Radiobiology of Institute of Cell Biology and Genetic Engineering of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Halych's area of expertise is radiobiology.
Vladyslav V. Zhuk
Vladyslav V. Zhuk graduated from Taras Shevchenko’ Kiev State University, PhD in Plant Biology. Zhuk is a Postdoctoral researcher in the Department of Biophysics and Radiobiology of Institute Cell biology and Genetic Engineering of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Zhuk's area of expertise is Plant Biochemistry, Plant Physiology, Radiobiology of Low doses.
Alexandra P. Kravets
Alexandra P. Kravets is the Doctor of Biological Sciences, Head of the Department of Biophysics and Radiobegardiology of the Institute Cell Biology and Genetic Engineering of National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine.