Implementing the ‘new scientific spirit’: a response to de Leuuw et al.

Abstract

Knowledge of reality is a light that always casts a shadow in some nook or cranny. It is never immediate, never complete. Revelations of reality are always recurrent. Reality is never ‘what we might be believe it to be’: it is always what we ought to have thought. Empirical thought is clear in retrospect, when the apparatus of reason has been developed.

(Bachelard 2002: 24)

Keywords:

• epistemology
• evidence based practice
• knowledge