Afterword: criminal violence in Mexico – a dissenting analysis

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Notes

 1. McCaffrey, ‘After Action Report – VISIT MEXICO – 5–7 December 2008’, 4.

 2. Carpenter, ‘Mexico is Becoming the Next Colombia’.

 3. The authors are grateful for this observation to Robert Jervis, Columbia University.

 4. Bowden, Killing Pablo, 33.

 5. Chepesiuk, Drug Lords, 131.

 6. Mueller, Remnants of War, 6.

 7. Conant and Campo-Flores, ‘The Enemy Within’.

 8. Msnbc.com, ‘Over 200 Americans Killed in Mexico since ’04'. See also Cuevas-Nazario, ‘Americans Beaten, Shot to Death in Mexico’.

 9. McKinley, ‘Mexican Cartels Lure American Teens as Killers’.

10. Stratfor.com, ‘Organized Crime in Mexico’.

11. See Quinones, ‘State of War’, 78. For an example of this narco-culture, go to: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v = d0GSXbC8wEA and http://www.youtube.com/watch?v = iKC6OHY97uQ. For an excellent study on the popular music style that pays tribute to drug traffickers, smugglers, and dealers, see Wald, Narcocorrido: A Journey into the Music of Drugs, Guns and Guerrillas.

12. Quinones, ‘State of War’, 78.

13. Hersh, ‘The Wild East’.

14. Astorga, ‘Drug Trafficking in Mexico’.

15. Pimentel, ‘The Nexus of Organized Crime and Politics’.

16. Godson, ‘Political-Criminal Nexus: Overview’.

17. Friman, ‘Forging the Vacancy Chain’.

18. Grant, God's Middle Finger.

19. ‘Sedena Statistics’.

20. Rotella, Twilight on the Line, 7.

21. Falcone, Men of Honor, 3 and 7.

22. Creechan, ‘Gomorrah and Mexican Cartel Violence’.

23. Hsu and Sheridan, ‘Anti-Drug Effort at US Border Readied’, A1.

24. This seems to be occurring in Mexico. See Ellingwood, ‘Mexico Under Siege: Abuse Allegations against Army Mount Dramatically’, A-27; and Fainaru and Booth, ‘Mexico Accused of Torture in Drug War’.

25. The Times of London , ‘Mexican Crimewave’, 2.

26. Lacey, ‘Drug Tie Seen to Protests in Mexico’, A12; and Emmott, ‘Mexicans Protest Army Campaign against Drug Cartels’.