Buffer strip effect on terbuthylazine, desethyl-terbuthylazine and S-metolachlor runoff from maize fields in Northern Italy

Abstract

The effectiveness of a 6 m wide vegetative buffer strip for reducing runoff of S-metolachlor, terbuthylazine and desethyl-terbuthylazine was studied in 2007–2008 in Northern Italy. Two cultivated fields, with and without the buffer strip, were compared. Residues of the chemicals were investigated in runoff water collected after runoff events and their dissipation in the soil was studied. The highest concentration of the chemicals in water occurred in samples collected from the unbuffered field at the first runoff events. Losses of terbuthylazine and S-metolachlor in runoff waters were particularly high in 2007 (2.6% and 0.9% of the amount applied, respectively). Soil half-life of terbuthylazine and S-metolachlor ranged between 12.1 and 8.9 days and 16 and 7 days, respectively. The presence of desethyl-terbuthylazine was related to parent compound degradation. The buffer strip allowed an important reduction of chemical content in water (>90%), in particular during the first runoff events.

Keywords:

• runoff
• buffer strip
• terbuthylazine
• desethyl-terbuthylazine
• S-metolachlor
• herbicide

Acknowledgements

This study was financially supported by the Agricultural Department of the Regione Piemonte, Italy. The authors thank the experimental station technicians for their valuable contributions to the field operations. Appreciation is further extended to the members of the Sustainable Weed Management group of the Department of Agronomy, Forest and Land Management of the University of Turin, which helped the authors during the study.