Amino acid preparation and recovery from refractory sludge by the oxidative acid hydrolysis process

ABSTRACT

After the anaerobic digestion of excess sludge, dissolved organic matter is absorbed and used, but the treatment of refractory sludge is a headache. The oxidative acid (performic acid and hydrochloric acid) hydrolysis process can effectively prepare amino acids from refractory sludge. During the preparation process, insoluble proteins in sludge were turned into soluble proteins and peptides. All of them eventually hydrolyse into amino acids. The optimum conditions in the single-factor experiment were as follows: a temperature of 110°C, a reaction time of 24 h, and a hydrochloric acid (HCl) concentration of 6 M. The results showed that the maximum total yield of amino acids from refractory sludge was 94.76%. In the orthogonal experiment, the maximum total yield of amino acids was 97.20% under the optimum conditions of a temperature of 113.45°C, a reaction time of 26.79 h, and 5.92 M HCl. The recovery rate of purity amino acids was 17.16 g per 100 g of dry sludge. The recovery rate of the hydrochloric acid was approximately 70%. There were 17 kinds of amino acids in the hydrolysate, which could be used as deodorants, food additives, preservatives, and corrosion inhibitors. This new technology is expected to be very effective in the treatment of refractory sludge.

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

KEYWORDS:

• Refractory sludge
• oxidative acid hydrolysis process
• yield of amino acids
• optimum conditions
• recovery rate of amino acids

Acknowledgements

The authors thank the Lianyun Gang Everbright Wastewater Treatment Plant in China for providing the granular sludge.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Data availability statement

The data supporting this study's findings are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.