Abstract
Three physico‐chemical treatment schemes investigated in this study include: (i) lime precipitation, and ozonation‐(ii) lime precipitation followed by ferrate treatment, filtration, and ozonation, and (iii) ferrate treatment followed by filtration, and ozonation. It was found that lime treatment followed by ozonation produced comparable effluent to the secondary treatment while other two schemes provided similar or better degree of treatment, however, the operation and maintenance of these two systems were more complex.