Effectiveness of manual therapy in patients with thumb carpometacarpal osteoarthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis

ABSTRACT

Background

The effectiveness of Manual Therapy (MT) in thumb carpometacarpal osteoarthritis (OA) is unclear.

Objective

This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of MT for functional outcomes in patients with thumb carpometacarpal OA.

Design

Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.

Methods

An electronic search was performed in the Medline, Central, Embase, PEDro, Lilacs, Cinahl, SPORTDiscus, and Web of Science databases. The eligibility criteria for selecting studies included randomized clinical trials that compared MT versus other interventions in functional outcomes, such as thumb and/or hand function questionnaires, pinch and/or grip strength, thumb and/or hand range of motion, and pain intensity or pressure pain threshold in patients with thumb carpometacarpal OA.

Results

Five clinical trials met the eligibility criteria; for the quantitative synthesis, four studies were included. The mean difference (MD) for grip strength was 0.87kg (95% CI = 0.29–1.44, p = .003), for pinch strength was 0.10kg (95% CI = –0.01–0.20, p = .06), and for the pressure pain threshold was 0.64kg/cm² (95% CI = 0.07–1.20, p = .03). All differences were in favor of the MT group.

Conclusions

In the short-term, there was moderate to high evidence, with statistically significant differences in the functional outcomes, in favor of MT versus sham interventions in patients with thumb carpometacarpal OA. However, these differences are not clinically important.

KEYWORDS:

• Carpometacarpal osteoarthritis
• manual therapy
• functional outcomes
• randomized controlled trial
• meta-analysis

Disclosure of potential conflicts of interest

No potential competing interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.