Concentration and non-dietary human health risk assessment of pesticide residues in soil of farms in Golestan province, Iran

ABSTRACT

Detection of pesticide residues in soil samples was conducted using UHPLC-MS/MS. Non-dietary health risk assessment was conducted using calculate chronic daily intake (CDI) from ingestion, inhalation and dermal contact pathways and following non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks in the adults and adolescent. The rank order of pesticide in soil based on their concentration was malathion (0.082 mg kg⁻¹)> cyproconazole (0.019 mg kg⁻¹)> propargite (0.018 mg kg⁻¹)> butachlor (0.016 mg kg⁻¹) > chlorpyrifos (0.0067 mg kg⁻¹)> diazinon (0.0014 mg kg⁻¹)> imidacloprid (0.0007 mg kg⁻¹). Hazard index (HI) values obtained of exposure to pesticides in soil in adults and adolescent were 0.0012 and 0.0035, respectively. Hence, exposed population are at the acceptable range of non-carcinogenic risk (HI < 1). Cancer risk (CR) values due to propargite in soil via ingestion pathway in adults and adolescent were 2.03E–09 and 2.08E–09, respectively; therefore, carcinogenic risk due to the exposure to pesticide contaminated soil was safe range (CR < 1E–06).

KEYWORDS:

• Pesticide residues
• soil
• non-dietary risk
• risk assessment
• agriculture

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Availability of data and materials

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the author corresponding author, upon reasonable request.

Supplementary material

Supplemental data for this article can be accessed online at https://doi.org/10.1080/09603123.2023.2194611.

Additional information

Funding

The author(s) reported there is no funding associated with the work featured in this article.