The concentration of Potentially Toxic elements (PTEs) in the muscle of crabs: a global systematic review, meta-analysis, and health risk assessment

ABSTRACT

The concentration of PTEs in the muscle of crabs, was meta-analyzed using a random-effects model based on countries’ subgroups. The non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks related to the ingestion of PTEs via the consumption of crab fish were estimated. The meta-analysis included one hundred and eight papers with 109 data reports. The rank order of PTEs based on pooled (mean) concentration in the muscle of crabs was Ni (4.490 mg/kg-ww) > Pb (1.891 mg/kg-ww) >As (1.601 mg/kg-ww) > Cd (1.101 mg/kg-ww). The results showed that adults and children consumers in many countries are at risk of non-carcinogenicity due to ingestion of Ni, Pb, As, and Cd and carcinogenicity risk due to As. Therefore, the bioaccumulation of PTEs in the muscle of crabs can be considered a global health risk. Hence, to decrease the health risk of PTEs in the muscle of crabs, continuous monitoring and reducing the emission of PTEs in aquatic environments are recommended.

KEYWORDS:

• Potentially toxic elements
• crab
• marine foods
• meta-analysis
• risk assessment

Acknowledgements

This study was not supported.

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No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Author’s contribution

Mansour Sarafraz; screening of papers and data extraction; Yadolah Fakhri, Mansour Sarafraz Zoha Heidarinejad, Hosein Mohammadi, and Trias Mahmudiono: Supervision, Investigation, Resources, Conceptualization, Risk Assessment, Methodology, Writing original draft; Mansour Sarafraz and Yadolah Fakhri: Literature Searching, Writing & Editing; Trias Mahmudiono, Ja’far Mansur Khalaf Al-Khaza’leh; Allahbakhsh Javid; Yadolah Fakhri; Ali Atamaleki; Amin Mousavi Khaneghah: Writing & Editing; Amin Mousavi Khaneghah: Supervision.

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This article has been republished with minor changes. These changes do not impact the academic content of the article.

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