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Replacement or renovation of dwellings: the relevance of a more sustainable approach

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Pages 649-659 | Published online: 01 Dec 2010
 

Abstract

The choice between replacement and life cycle extension of existing buildings implies a vital but very difficult decision, involving a wide range of aspects and affecting contradictory and often conflicting interests. Originally, building quality and public health played a decisive role in improvement of the housing stock, mainly by slum clearance. More recently, functional and economic considerations tend to dominate the decision-making, resulting in increasing demolition and demolition waste. Although environmental aspects (e.g. energy consumption and building waste) are of growing importance, sustainability does not seem to be a major aspect in the choice between demolition and life cycle extension until now. To address the questions of what is more sustainable: replacement or life cycle extension, the decision-making processes surrounding housing demolition in the Netherlands are analysed and a conceptual framework is created. Sustainability has the potential to be a major criterion in housing stock management and, in particular, on the decision processes about dwelling replacement or life cycle extension. From that point of view, life cycle extension is often a better solution than demolition.

Le choix entre le remplacement de bâtiments existants et la prolongation de leur cycle de vie implique une décision cruciale, mais très difficile, portant sur des aspects très divers et affectant des intérêts contradictoires et souvent conflictuels. A l'origine, la qualité des bâtiments et la santé publique jouaient un rôle décisif dans l'amélioration du parc de logements, principalement par l'aménagement des quartiers insalubres. Plus récemment, les considérations fonctionnelles et économiques tendent à dominer le processus de prise de décision, ce qui entraîne un accroissement des démolitions et des déchets de démolition. Bien que les aspects environnementaux (par ex. consommation d'énergie et déchets de bâtiments) prennent une importance croissante, la durabilité ne semble pas être, jusqu'à présent, un aspect essentiel dans le choix entre démolition et prolongation du cycle de vie. Afin de traiter la question de savoir ce qui est le plus durable – le remplacement ou la prolongation du cycle de vie – les processus de prise de décision entourant la démolition de logements aux Pays-Bas sont analysés et un cadre conceptuel est créé. La durabilité pourrait bien devenir un critère essentiel dans la gestion des parcs de logements et, en particulier, dans les processus de prise de décision relatifs au remplacement des logements ou à la prolongation de leur cycle de vie. De ce point de vue, la prolongation du cycle de vie est souvent une solution meilleure que la démolition.

Mots clés: parc bâti, démolition, logements, gestion des logements, cycle de vie, motivations, politiques publiques, temps, Pays-Bas

Notes

Telephone inquiries with technical department representatives. The answers were discussed and examined during the interview and combined and cross-checked with data from the mandatory annual reports.

VINEX is an acronym (Vierde Nota RO Extra = Fourth Whitepaper on Urban & Regional Planning) for a series of recent large new town development areas.

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