Evolution, Sex and Narcissism

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Disclosure Statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Notes

1 Kenneth Organski, & Jacek Kugler, J. The war ledger. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1980).

2 Interestingly, Keltner’s work on awe comes closer to examining the way external forces affect individual feelings and behavior. Dacher Keltner and Jonathan Haidt, “Approaching awe, a moral, spiritual, and aesthetic emotion,” Cognition and emotion, 17, No. 2 (2003): 297–314.

3 Paul K Piff., Daniel M. Stancato, Stéphane Côté, Rodolfo Mendoza-Denton, and Dacher Keltner. "Higher social class predicts increased unethical behavior." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 109, no. 11 (2012): 4086–4091.

4 Aaron Sell, John Tooby & Leda Cosmides, “Formidability and the logic of human anger,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 106, No. 35 (2009): 15073–15078; Aaron Sell, Gregory Bryant, John Tooby and Leda Cosmides, Daniel Sznycer, Christopher Von Rueden and Michael Gurven, “Adaptations in humans for assessing physical strength from the voice,” Proceedings of the Royal Society: Biological Sciences, 277, No. 1699(2010): 3509–3518.

5 The standard way to provide the measurement of physical strength in survey studies involves bicep circumference, which provides a reliable marker of physical strength. People have been shown to be able to provide such data to reasonable approximation in remote studies using tape measures.

6 Jennifer Lerner and Dacher Keltner, “Fear, anger, and risk,” Journal of personality and social psychology, 81, No. 1(2001): 146.

7 Barbara Sabini, J., “The roles of empathy, anger, and gender in predicting attitudes toward punitive, reparative, and preventative public policies,” Cognition & Emotion, 14, No. 4 (2000), 495–520;

8 . Paul Slovic, Paul, C. K. Mertz, David M. Markowitz, Andrew Quist, and Daniel Västfjäll. "Virtuous violence from the war room to death row." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, no. 34 (2020): 20474–20482.

9 Jonas Kunst, John F. Dovidio, and Lotte Thomsen. "Fusion with political leaders predicts willingness to persecute immigrants and political opponents." Nature human behaviour 3, no. 11 (2019): 1180–1189; Rose McDermott, "Making America less." Nature Human Behaviour 3, no. 11 (2019): 1141–1142.

10 Marika Landau-Wells & Rebecca Saxe, “Political preferences and threat perception: opportunities for neuroimaging and developmental research,”. Current Opinion in Behavioral Sciences, 34 (2020): 58–63.

11 John Bouchard, Jr. & Matthew McGue, M., “Genetic and environmental influences on human psychological differences,” Journal of neurobiology, 54, No. 1 (2003), 4-45.

12 Kevin Smith, John Alford, John Hibbing, Peter K. Hatemi, “Intuitive ethics and political orientations: Testing moral foundations as a theory of political ideology,” American Journal of Political Science, 61, No. 2(2017): 424–437.

13 Dominic Johnson, Rose McDermott, Emily Barrett, Jonathan Cowden, Richard Wrangham, Matthew McIntyre & Stephen Peter Rosen, S. “Overconfidence in wargames: experimental evidence on expectations, aggression, gender and testosterone,” Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences, 273, No. 1600 (2006): 2513–2520.

14 Uri Bar-Joseph & Rose McDermott, R. Intelligence success and failure: The human factor. (New York: Oxford University Press, 2017).

15 Richard Wrangham, “Evolution of coalitionary killing,” American Journal of Physical Anthropology, 110, No. S29 (1999): 1–30.

16 Richard Wrangham, “Two types of aggression in human evolution,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 115, No. 2 (2018): 245–253.

17 Robert Jervis, R. Perception and misperception in international politics: New edition (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 2017)

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Notes on contributors

Rose McDermott

Rose McDermott is the David and Marianna Fisher University Professor of International Relations at Brown University.