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Abstract
Nutrition has a coadjuvant role in the management of children with acute diseases. We aimed to examine nutritional status, macronutrient requirements and actual macronutrient delivery in bronchiolitis. The nutritional status was classified according to WHO criteria and resting energy expenditure (MREE) was measured using an indirect calorimeter. Bland–Altman analysis was used to examine the agreement between MREE and estimated energy expenditure (EEE) with standard equations. Based on the ratio MREE/EEE in relation to Schofield equation on admission, we defined the subjects’ metabolic status. A total of 35 patients were enrolled and 46% were malnourished on admission, and 25.8% were hypermetabolic, 37.1% hypometabolic and 37.1% normometabolic. We performed a 24-h recall in 10 children and 80% were overfed (AEI: MREE >120%). Mean bias (limits of agreement) with MREE was 8.9 (−73.9 to 91.8%) for Schofield; 61.0 (−41 to 163%) for Harris–Benedict; and 9.9 (−74.4 to 94.2%) for FAO-WHO equation. Metabolism of infants with bronchiolitis is not accurately estimated by equations.
Acknowledgements
The authors would like to thank the nursing and medical staff of the Pediatric Intermediate and Intensive Care Units of Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico.
Disclosure statement
The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the manuscript.
Funding
Partial funding from Italian Ministry of Health for IRCCS Institutes.