Cultural adaptation and Turkish version of Physical Activity Scale for Individuals with Physical Disabilities in individuals with spinal cord injury: a reliability and validity study

Abstract

Purpose

To translate the “Physical Activity Scale for Individuals with Physical Disabilities (PASIPD)” into Turkish, to make a cultural adaptation, and to examine the psychometric properties including validity and reliability.

Methods

During the translation period cross-cultural adaptation design proposed by guideline was used. Patients completed the Turkish version of the PASIPD and it was applied again a week later. To determine the reliability and internal consistency, Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was calculated. Test–retest reliability was determined by using intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Pearson’s correlation analysis. Construct validity was examined with factor analysis. Convergent validity was examined by comparing PASIPD with Functional Independent Measurement (FIM), Nottingham Health Profile (NHP), and Craig Handicap Assessment and Reporting Technique Short (CHART-SF), and criterion validity was examined by comparing PASIPD with Manual wheelchair propulsion tests scores.

Results

Cronbach’s alpha coefficient was 0.725. The ICC coefficient for the test–retest reliability was 0.851. PASIPD was explained by three factors. The ratio of explaining the total variance of these 3 factors was determined as 51.66%. FIM (r = 0.307, p = 0.040) and CHART-SF were moderately positively correlated with PASIPD total score. The correlation between the total score of PASIPD and NHP was r = −0.443 (p = 0.002). 20 Meters Propulsion (r = −0.404, p = 0.005) and Slalom Tests (r = −0.305, p = 0.037) were highly negative and 6 min Push Propulsion (r = 0.456, p = 0.001) were moderately positive with PASIPD total score.

Conclusion

The Turkish version of the PASIPD is a valid and reliable scale in patients with spinal cord injury.

IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION

• The Turkish and cross-culturally adapted version of PASIPD is a useful physical activity scale to evaluate the physical activity level of SCI.

• The Turkish version of the PASIPD is a valid and reliable scale and can be used in Turkish patients with SCI.

• PASIPD can be used to compare physical activity levels between disability types and groups with and without disabilities.

• PASIPD can be used to evaluate the effectiveness of attempts to increase physical activity in patients with SCI.

Keywords:

• Physical activity
• Physical Activity Scale for Individuals with Physical Disabilities
• spinal cord injury
• validity
• reliability

Ethical approval

This study was conducted in accordance with the Helsinki declaration. Permission was obtained from Richard A. Washburn, developer of the PASIPD scale, for the Turkish translation of PASIPD. The compliance of the study with the ethical principles was approved by the Istanbul Okan University Ethics Committee on Science, Social, and Non-Interventional Health Sciences Research. Our study’s clinical trials number is NCT04234269.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).