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Articles

A controversial campaign: François Fillon and the decline of the centre-right in the 2017 presidential elections

Pages 391-402 | Published online: 30 Oct 2017
 

Abstract

In the first round of the 2017 French presidential elections, the centre-right candidate François Fillon came third, with 19.94% of the vote. During a campaign mired in controversy over the alleged use of taxpayer money to pay for ‘fake’ jobs for Fillon’s wife and two of his children, Fillon refused to resign the candidacy of the centre-right Les Républicains party, having seen off both Nicolas Sarkozy and Alain Juppé in the primaries. This article examines the key aspects of Fillon’s campaign, with particular reference to his economic and social policies and the controversy surrounding the corruption allegations. The article argues that Fillon’s third-place result can be attributed to a squeeze on the traditional centre-right vote from both the Front national’s Marine Le Pen and from the emergence of the eventual victor, the centrist candidate Emmanuel Macron. Where once Fillon was the favourite to take the presidency, the article argues that Fillon’s failure to make it through to the second round was down in part to concerns over corruption, but can also be explained by his limited appeal beyond his core electorate, in steep contrast to his leading rivals, especially Macron.

Résumé

Au premier tour des élections présidentielles françaises de 2017, le candidat de la droite et du centre, François Fillon, s’est retrouvé en troisième place avec 19,94 % du vote. Pendant une campagne pleine de controverse auprès de laquelle Fillon aurait dépensé de l’argent publique pour financer des emplois ‘faux’ pour sa femme et deux de ses quatre enfants, Fillon a refusé de retirer la nomination du parti de la droite, Les Républicains, après l’avoir emporté sur Nicolas Sarkozy et Alain Juppé aux primaires. Cet article traite des aspects importants de la campagne de Fillon, surtout en tant que ces politiques économiques et sociales, et la controverse vis-à-vis des irrégularités financières. Selon cet article, le résultat de Fillon au premier tour peut être attribué à la compression de l’électorat traditionnel de la droite et du centre en France entre Marine Le Pen du Front National et l’arrivée du vainqueur final, le centriste Emmanuel Macron. Bien que Fillon ait été au début le favori pour gagner l’Elysée, cet article soutient que l’échec de Fillon s’est déroulé à cause de l’histoire des emplois faux, mais également à cause de son appel limité aux électeurs en dehors de la droite traditionnelle, au contraire de ses rivales proches, surtout Macron.

Notes

1. The term neo-liberalism is of course contested in academic scholarship. In the sense that Fillon proposed cuts to the state sector and increased opportunities for private enterprise he might be perceived as neo-liberal economically, but not in the deeper sense of transforming and marketising society along the lines proposed by Wendy Brown (Citation2015). The label ‘Thatcherite’ is arguably misleading since that would imply deep cuts to public services combined with an emphasis on real competition between firms across economic and utility sectors—not addressed in Fillon’s campaign manifesto (Jessop Citation2011).

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