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Articles

A flat past? History, environment, topography, and medicine

Pages 115-129 | Published online: 05 Jan 2021
 

ABSTRACT

This article uses topography to explore connections between environmental and medical perspectives in France between the eighteenth and twentieth centuries. Drawing on examples from rural public hygiene, it addresses how physical and human geography in rural environments affected health and medicine, raising questions about how the topography of a landscape influenced medical responses to the environment. Rather than returning to the idea of the environment as a constraint on possible paths in History, it re-examines the health connotations of the French countryside before turning to the lesser-known terrain of how a locale’s topography informed efforts to regulate the relationship between medicine, society, and nature. The article argues that greater sensitivity to how people were influenced by the nature of local topographies helps historians think in different ways about embodied local geographies and their role in medicine.

RÉSUMÉ

Cet article se servit de la topographie pour révéler les liens parmi les perspectives environnementales etmédicales en France du XVIIIe siècle au XXe siècle. En analysant quelques études de cas tirées du milieu de l’hygiène publique dans les zones rurales, nous explorons comment la géographie physique ainsi qu’humaine des milieux ruraux asoulevé une considération de comment la topographie d’un paysage peut influencer des réponsesmédicales à l’environnement. Au lieu de suggérer un retour à l’idée que l’environnement entrave l’évolution historique d’une communauté, nous cherchons à reconsidérer les connotationsmédicales associées au paysage français avant d’explorer un champ de recherche moins connu, en considérant comment la topographie d’une localité donnée peut guider les efforts pour réglementer la relation entre la santé, la société et la nature. Cet article soutient qu’une étude approfondie de comment les gens ont été influencés par leur milieu topographique peut stimuler une nouvelle approche à l’expérience incorporée d’une géographie locale et son influence sur lamédicine.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author.

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