Police Massacre has Opened a Dark Chapter for Kazakh Workers’ Movement

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Notes

Notes

1. For details see: Salmon (507–10).

2. An initial assessment by the Open Dialog Foundation (Nazariy Boyarskiy et al. Report of the observation mission). Several films of the Zhanaozen massacre available on You Tube, taken by local residents, appear to show police officers shooting retreating demonstrators in the back, beating seriously wounded and unconscious demonstrators, etc. For example, see an edited compilation (Fakty namerennogo rasstrela v Zhanaozene. Krov’ i pesok).

3. I have not included the full list. See Open Dialog Foundation Aktau judicial proceedings and defendants’ testimonies.

4. Lillis Zhanaozen still traumatised.

5. Kazakhstan. Kolokol Zhanaozena: pomnit’, ob”ediniat'sia, pobezhdat’!