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Gender, Place & Culture
A Journal of Feminist Geography
Volume 24, 2017 - Issue 4
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Embodying Violence: Critical Geographies of Gender, Race, and Culture

‘Ain’t I a feminist?’: the politics of gender violence, anti-violence, and education in Oakland, CA

¿No soy feminista?: la política de la violencia de género, la anti violencia, y la educación en Oakland, California

‘我不是一位女权主义者吗?’:加州奥克兰中的性别暴力、反暴力与教育之政治

Pages 545-562 | Received 30 Sep 2015, Accepted 04 Apr 2017, Published online: 05 Jun 2017
 

Abstract

This article focuses on the ways gender violence politics become reduced to liberal narratives of victimization in contemporary U.S. deployment of feminist identity politics, within academic and activist discourses. Such victimization narratives, I argue, exploit suffering and reproduce social stratification between a growing middle class in the academy and poor black people outside of it. This article draws from moments in California’s Bay area when questions of feminism, gender violence, and anti-violence in schools arose. In each case, left feminists had an opportunity to reshape these questions towards new political paradigms and new academic discourses. Instead, amidst the ‘safety’ of left discourse and practice, each moment confronted contradictory silences that called into question such ‘safety’ and made generative political movement impossible. I analyze the dynamics of this silencing as constitutive of the co-optation of feminist identity politics within a capitalist university that reproduces an oppressive race and class order. We face a problem of language to adequately explain and disrupt the incapacity for collective social change that victimhood, identity politics, and reformism have produced. Each instance I present function as moments of history making from which we may reflect and strategize forward movement against capitalist oppression and racial dehumanization.

Resumen

Este artículo se centra en las formas en que la política de la violencia de género se vuelve reducida a las narrativas liberales de la victimización en el despliegue actual de la política de identidad feminista en EE.UU., dentro de los discursos académicos y activistas. Dichas narrativas de victimización, sostengo, explotan el sufrimiento y reproducen la estratificación social entre una creciente clase media en la academia y la población negra y pobre fuera de ésta. Este artículo se basa en momentos en el Área de la Bahía en California cuando surgieron las cuestiones de feminismo, violencia de género y la anti-violencia en las escuelas. En cada caso, feministas de izquierda tuvieron una oportunidad de reformular estas cuestiones hacia nuevos paradigmas políticos y nuevos discursos académicos. En vez, en medio de la ‘seguridad’ del discurso de izquierda y su práctica, cada momento enfrentó silencios contradictorios que pusieron en cuestión dicha ‘seguridad’ e hicieron imposible un movimiento político generativo. Analizo la dinámica de este silenciamiento como constitutivo de la cooptación de la política de identidad feminista dentro de una universidad capitalista que reproduce un orden opresivo de raza y clase. Tenemos un problema de lenguaje para explicar y disturbar adecuadamente la incapacidad de un cambio social colectivo que ha producido la victimización, la política de identidad, y el reformismo. Cada instancia que muestro funciona como momentos en que se hace historia por los cuales podríamos reflejar y estrategizar hacia adelante contra la opresión y la deshumanización racial del capitalismo.

摘要

本文聚焦美国当代女权主义身份认同政治的部署中,性别暴力政治在学术与行动者的论述中如何被化约为受害者的自由主义叙事。我主张,此一受害者化的叙事利用苦痛,并且再生产了学术圈中逐渐增加的中产阶级和圈外的穷困黑人之间的社会阶层化。本文引自加州湾区对女权主义、性别暴力和反暴力的质问浮现的时刻。在每个案例中,左翼女权主义者有机会重塑这些质问,将其导入崭新的政治范畴与学术论述。但在左派有关‘安全’的论述与实践中,每个时刻却面临了矛盾的噤声,让此般‘安全’产生疑义,并使得具生产力的政治运动变得不可能。我分析此般噤声的动态,作为女权主义认同政治在资本主义大学中与之合作的本质,该动态再生产了压迫性的种族与阶级秩序。我们面临了语言的问题,该问题关乎适当地解释并介入受害者身份、身份政治与改革主义所造成的对集体社会变迁的无能为力。我所呈现的每个事件,作为创造历史的时刻,我们能够从中反思并策略化未来反抗资本主义压迫与种族去人性化的运动。

Acknowledgements

The author would like to thank Dr. Sara Salem at the University of Warwick for the many insightful discussions, directions, and inspirations for this article. The author would like to thank the Citizenship, Education, and Democracy Research Group at UC Berkeley for continual comradeship, mentorship, and intellectual rigor. Sojourner Truth’s 1851 ‘Ain’t I a Woman?’ speech at the Women’s Convention in Akron, Ohio, May 28–29 inspired the title of this article–a charge to its readership at a time when radical politics cannot afford to be confined only to a prescribed politics of identity.

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