Measuring the relationship between tourism and walkability? Walk Score and English tourist attractions

ABSTRACT

Walking is an important part of the tourist experience and a significant element of sustainable mobility. Although the concept of walkability has substantial health, social, economic and environmental dimensions for permanent residents, little attention has been given to the concept of walkability from a tourist perspective. This study examines the relationships between walkability and indicators of successful tourism as measured by visitor numbers and TripAdvisor reviews for leading English visitor attractions. Walkability is measured by using the Walk Score® index that assesses the walking potential of an origin point through a combination of the shortest distance to a group of preselected destination points, the block length and the intersection density around the origin. The Walk Score algorithm includes built environment characteristics but not route characteristics. The study found only weak relationships between walkability and visitor numbers and walkability and number of TripAdvisor ratings for the top 330 visitor attractions in England. No significant relationships were found for London's attractions although a weak relationship was noted between walkability and TripAdvisor ranking. It is concluded that tourism-specific assessments of walkability and transport choice are required if visitors are to be encouraged to engage in active transport at destinations.

KEYWORDS:

• Accessibility
• active transport
• built environment
• visitor attractions
• walkability
• Walk Score
• walk score

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Notes on contributors

C. Michael Hall

C. Michael Hall is a professor at University of Canterbury, New Zealand; visiting professor, Linnaeus University, Kalmar, Sweden; and docent, University of Oulu, Finland. His research interests include tourism, regional development, environmental change, food, sustainability and World Heritage.

Yael Ram

Yael Ram is a senior lecturer in the Department of Tourism Studies, Ashkelon Academic College, Israel. Her research interests include sustainable mobility, cultural eco-system services, tourist behaviour and sustainable tourism.