Impact of integrated pest management farmer field school programs in the subtropics of Jammu and Kashmir, India

Abstract

To quantify the long-term impacts of integrated pest management farmer field school (IPM-FFS) program on rice and vegetables in the subtropics of Jammu and Kashmir, we conducted a field study using latitudinal comparison (with vs. without FFS) and cross-sectional longitudinal comparisons. Our results show contrasting use of pesticides by both rice and vegetable farmers in the subtropical region of Jammu. Rice cultivation in the study area was found to be free of insecticides and fungicides. In vegetable crops, IPM-FFS farmers reduced the number of pesticide applications by 7% but used 27.8% higher amounts of pesticide active ingredients resulting in 59% higher field use environmental impact quotient of pesticide use, mainly driven by the higher fungicide use. Over time, the impact of IPM-FFS fleet as the farmers trained 4–8 years before the survey reported significantly higher number of pesticide applications in vegetable crops (by 49%) compared to those trained 1–3 years. We suggest that IPM dissemination should be reoriented for rationalizing pesticide use, as long-term outcomes of reduced pesticide use do not present a positive impact.

Keywords:

• Integrated pest management
• farmer field school
• impact evaluation
• adoption
• pesticide use

Acknowledgments

We are grateful to the farmers who participated in the study. We acknowledge the help of Prof. Kamal Vatta, Head of the Department of Economics and Sociology, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, India for his help in analyzing the data for sample selection bias. We are grateful to the three anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments on improving the manuscript.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Notes

1 Information on the vegetable area is obtained from Directorate of Agriculture Production & Farmers Welfare, Jammu. For details, visit http://diragrijmu.nic.in/

2 Sarpanch is the democratically elected head of a village.

3 Details available at https://nysipm.cornell.edu/eiq/list-pesticide-active-ingredient-eiq-values/

4 http://egazette.nic.in/WriteReadData/2020/219423.pdf

Additional information

Funding

This research was conducted under the ICAR funded (Indian Council of Agricultural Research) extramural project ‘impact evaluation of integrated pest management technologies’.