Migrating Masculinities

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Notes

 1. Hickman, ‘Locating the Irish Diaspora’, 8.

 2. See Connolly, ‘Theorizing Ireland’.

 3. Gray, ‘Unmasking Irishness’.

 4. Graham, Deconstructing Ireland ; see also, Appadurai ‘Global Ethnoscapes’, and Glick Schiller et al., Toward a Transnational Perspective on Migration .

 5. See Popoviciu and Mac an Ghaill, ‘Racism, Ethnicities, and British Nation-making’. See also Haywood and Mac an Ghaill, Men and Masculinities , for a full explanation of our methodological approach.

 6. See Graham and Nash, Modern Historical Geographies .

 7. See Haywood and Mac an Ghaill, Men and Masculinities .

 8. Jameson, Postmodernism, or the Cultural Logic of Late Capitalism .

 9. Bhabha, ‘“The Managed Identity”’, xxiii.

10. Renan, ‘What is a Nation?’

11. Keith, Race, Riots and Policing , 17–18.

12. Mac Laughlin, Reimagining the Nation-state .

13. Gray, ‘Unmasking Irishness’ and ‘The Irish Diaspora’.

14. Gray ‘The Irish Diaspora’, 133.

15. Kearney, Across the Frontiers , 7; Smyth, ‘States of Change’.

16. Mac Laughlin, Reimagining the Nation-state .

17. Curtis, Nothing but the Same Old Story .

18. Hickman and Walter, Discrimination and the Irish Community in Britain .

19. Mac an Ghaill, Contemporary Racisms and Ethnicities .

20. Keith, Race, Riots and Policing .

21. In 1996, the Birmingham Irish Community Forum commissioned work on the economic needs of the Irish community in Birmingham (see Williams et al., The Economic Needs of the Irish Community in Birmingham ).

22. Gilroy, Small Acts ; Mac Laughlin, Reimagining the Nation-state .

23. Mercer and Julien, ‘Race, Sexual Politics and Black Masculinities’, 112.

24. Kinealy, A Disunited Kingdom?

25. Hickman and Walter, The Irish in Contemporary Britain ; Williams and Mac an Ghaill, Health, Accommodation and Social Care Needs of Older Irish Men in Birmingham .

26. B. Farrell, ‘Birmingham's Darkest Day’, Irish Post, 30 November 1999, p. 31.

27. Campbell, ‘Beyond “Plastic Paddy”’.

28. This study, carried out the mid-1990s, was a two year qualitative research project involving over thirty Irish-born gay men, aged sixteen to twenty-seven.

29. See Mac an Ghaill, Contemporary Racisms and Ethnicities , for further explanation.

30. Inglis, The Moral Monopoly .

31. Warner, Fear of a Queer Planet .

32. See Boyce and O'Day, The Making of Modern Irish History .

33. O'Toole, The Politics of Magic , 49.

34. Appadurai, ‘Global Ethnoscapes’; Glick Schiller et al., Toward a Transnational Perspective on Migration .

35. Walter, ‘Irishness, Gender and Place’.

36. Connolly, ‘Theorizing Ireland’, 178.

37. Renan, ‘What is a Nation?’; Cairns and Richards, Writing Ireland ; see also Nash, ‘Remapping and Renaming’.

38. Nandy, The Intimate Enemy ; Eagleton, Heathcliff and the Great Hunger ; Walshe, Sex, Nation and Dissent in Irish Writing .

39. See Connell, Masculinities .

40. Nash, ‘Embodied Irishness’.

41. The study was commissioned in 1997 by the Birmingham Irish Community Forum and funded by the Irish Government (Dion) and Focus Housing Group (see Williams and Mac an Ghaill, Health, Accommodation and Social Care Needs).

42. Greenslade, ‘White Skin, White Masks’.

43. O'Toole, The Politics of Magic , 46.

44. Berger and Mohr, A Seventh Man .

45. O'Connor and Goodwin, ‘Work and the Irish Diaspora’.

46. Silverman, Male Subjectivity at the Margins .

47. Arrowsmith, ‘“To Fly by Those Nets”’, 316.

48. B. Canavan, ‘The Voice of the Irish in ’60s London’, Irish Post, 25 December 1999, p. 4.

49. Kumar, Prophecy and Progress .

50. Jackson, The Irish in Britain .

51. See Butler, ‘Endangered/Endangering’.

52. J. O'Sullivan, ‘If You're Hip, You Must be Irish’, Independent, 1 July 1996, p. 14.

53. Lash, ‘Reflexivity and its Doubles’.

54. Sherlock, ‘Globalisation’.

55. Baudrillard, For a Critique of the Political Economy of the Sign , 185.

56. Haywood and Mac an Ghaill, Men and Masculinities.

57. Kristeva, Powers of Horror .

58. See Foster, ‘We Are All Revisionists Now’.

59. Derrida, Of Grammatology .

60. Sherlock, ‘Globalisation’.

61. Brah et al., Global Futures ; Clifford, ‘Diasporas’.

62. Arrowsmith, ‘“To Fly by Those Nets”’, 324.

63. Eagleton, Heathcliff and the Great Hunger, 227.

64. Knights and McHughes, ‘Theorising Subjectivity’.

65. Brah et al., Global Futures.

66. Chambers, Migrancy, Culture and Identity , 3.

67. Wieviorka, ‘Racism and Diasporas’.

68. Bhabha, ‘“The Managed Identity”’, xvi–xvii.

69. O'Conner, ‘Questioning Our Self-congratulations’, 250.

70. See Rutherford, ‘A Place Called Home’.