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Notes
1. CitationO'Leary, ‘The Nature of the Agreement’, 261.
2. CitationKiberd, Irish Classics, 628.
3. CitationKiberd, Irish Classics, 628., 630.
4. CitationKiberd, Irish Classics 628.
5. CitationPreece and Wood, Book II of the Modern Geography Series, 222.
6. CitationGibbons, ‘Challenging the Canon’, 563.
7. CitationFitzGerald, ‘Ireland's Identity Problems’, 141.
8. CitationFitzGerald, ‘Ireland's Identity Problems’, 141
9. CitationFitzGerald, All in a Life, 380, 376.
10. Gibbons, ‘Challenging the Canon’, 563.
11. See CitationMcGarry and O'Leary, The Northern Ireland Conflict, 81.
12. Cf. CitationGibbons, ‘Dialogue without the Other?’, 29. It is also worth noting the view that the Editors of The Crane Bag attributed to Conor Cruise O'Brien; i.e. that nationalism was a commodity that the Irish could dispose of if the price—an aspiration to Irish unity that sanctioned the Provisional IRA—was too high. CitationHederman and Kearney, ‘Editorial’, 92–94.
13. FitzGerald, All in a Life, 64.
14. See Cronin, ‘The Unbidden Ireland’.
15. See CitationFinlay, ‘CitationMe Too’.
16. Gibbons, ‘Challenging the Canon’.
17. CitationKymlicka, Multicultural Citizenship.
18. See CitationFinkielkraut, The Undoing of Thought.
19. CitationBalakrishnan, ‘The Age of Identity’, 130–42.
20. Gleason, ‘Identifying Identity’, 914.
21. CitationErikson, Identity, 22.
22. Gleason, ‘Identifying Identity’, 921.
23. Cf. Kymlicka's notion of ‘societal culture’. CitationKymlicka, Multicultural Citizenship.
24. This notion of culture is implicit in FitzGerald, but explicit in that other key revisionist text: CitationLyons, Culture and Anarchy in Ireland 1890–1939. Interestingly, it is a concept which CitationGibbons shares. See CitationGibbons, Transformations in Irish Culture.
25. See CitationEagleton, The Truth about the Irish.
26. See CitationCalhoun for what essentialism owes to cultural nationalism. CitationCalhoun, Nationalism.
27. CitationDeane, ‘CitationWherever the Green is Read’, 242.
28. CitationLyons, Culture and Anarchy, 17. Cf. CitationFoster, ‘Varieties of Irishness’.
29. CitationGovernment of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Government of Ireland, Agreement Reached in the Multi-Party Negotiations, 2.
30. CitationGovernment of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the Government of Ireland, Agreement Reached in the Multi-Party Negotiations, 2. 6.
31. CitationWhitaker, ‘Where Difference Lies’, 170.
32. See Paddy Logue, ‘Letters to the Editor’, Irish Times, 20 April 2004, 17. See also Editorial, ‘On Being Irish Today’, Irish Times, 17 April 2004, 19.
33. Editorial, The Sunday Times, 11 April 2004, 20.
34. ‘British back Irish Referendum’, Irish Times, 20 April 2004, 1.
35. CitationHickman, ‘Multiple Identities’.
36. CitationDelanty, ‘From Nationality to Citizenship’, 186.
37. Article 9 actually states: ‘Fidelity to the nation and loyalty to the State are fundamental political duties of all citizens.’ Citation Bunreacht Na hÉireann [cited 28 April 2004]. Available from http://www.taoiseach.gov.ie/upload/static/256.pdf; INTERNET.
38. ‘Ireland Moves to Placate EU States' Fears’, Sunday Business Post, 25 April 2004, 11.
39. ‘New Bill on Irish Citizenship will be Introduced’, Irish Times, 4 September 2004, 4.
40. Jus sanguinis, or citizenship by descent.
41. Peter CitationFinlay, ‘Equality Should be Cornerstone of Law on Citizenship’, Irish Times, 4 June 2004 [cited 1 August 2004]. Available from http://www.ireland.com/newspaper/opinion/2004/0604/41347564380; INTERNET.
42. CitationGoldberg, Multiculturalism.
43. CitationWilson, ‘Am I Me or Am I One of Them?’, 11. See also CitationO'Cinneide, ‘Equivalence of Rights?’
44. CitationNIHRC, The Bill of Rights: Culture and Identity [cited 1 August 2004]. Available from http://www.nihrc.org; INTERNET.
45. CitationWilson, ‘Am I Me or Am I One of Them?’, 11.
46. CitationJoppke, ‘The Retreat of Multiculturalism in the Liberal State’.
47. CitationCrozier, ‘Pre-Political Groundwork and Cultural Identity’, 39.
48. Wilson mentions data from a Northern Ireland Life and Times Survey that ‘suggest that around 30 per cent of both Catholics and Protestants—never mind members of ethnic minorities—would prefer not to be labelled as “nationalist” or “unionist”’. Wilson, ‘Am I Me or Am I One of Them?’, 11. It is worth noting that while the Bill of Rights has taken into account the rights of members of ethnic minorities, it has not done this through reference to the GFA, which takes care of the rights of only two communities, but by incorporating international conventions. See The News Letter, 21 April 2004; and Brice Dickson, ‘Human Rights in Ireland North and South’, Irish Association Seminar, Dublin, 8 May 2004.
49. CitationHall, ‘Conclusion’, 233.
50. CitationWhitaker, ‘Where Difference Lies’, 177.