The identities and social roles of people with an intellectual disability: challenging dominant cultural worldviews, values and mythologies

Abstract

Intellectual disability is commonly conceptualised as stigmatised identity with which one has to live. However, within the literature the notion of a damaged identity is contested. The aim of this research was to explore the social construction of intellectual disability, with an emphasis on the identities and social roles of people with an intellectual disability. Informed by a contextualist perspective, this research was conducted within a participatory framework. The co-researchers involved in this research were 18 members of an advocacy agency. Photovoice and conversational interviewing were used to collect data and causal layered analysis was used to deconstruct the data. Analysis of the interactions that emerged across the causal layers revealed a complex dynamic of worldviews which served to construct people with an intellectual disability as incompetent, inherently different and not quite human. For genuine, transformative change to occur, developing an awareness and understanding of social processes, such as dehumanisation, is crucial.

Keywords:

• intellectual disability
• identity
• stigma
• worldviews
• Photovoice
• causal layered analysis

Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge the contribution of the members who were involved as co-researchers in this project.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Notes

1. In the interview transcript excerpts, the dialogue of the first author will be indicated using ‘Kate’. The names of members have been changed.