51
Views
0
CrossRef citations to date
0
Altmetric
Research Article

India’s Defence Cooperation with the GCC: Role for the Indian Navy

Published online: 06 Jun 2024
 

Abstract

The success of India’s ‘Look West’ Policy for promoting ties with the Middle East countries has helped to build upon historical trade and cultural ties and paved the way to progress defence and security cooperation. This could be led by the Indian Navy which has emerged as the regional net security provider and which also played an instrumental role in promoting India’s relations with the Southeast Asian countries under India’s ‘Look East’ Policy of the 1990s. Close maritime security cooperation between the Arab Gulf navies and the Indian Navy could be mutually beneficial and help to improve overall regional maritime security. This article looks at how this could be achieved, overcoming potential challenges along the way.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Notes

1. “India received highest ever foreign inward remittances in a single year of $89,127 million in FY 2021–22”, PIB India, 7 February 2023, at https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1897036. (Accessed on 10 Jan 2024)

2. Hasan Alhasan, “India’s Defence Cooperation with the GCC States under Prime Minister Narendra Modi”, in Sujan R. Chinoy and Prasanta Kumar Pradhan (eds), India’s Approach to West Asia: Trends, Challenges and Possibilities, Pentagon Press LLP, New Delhi, 2024, p.30.

3. Author’s interactions with US diplomats and military officers during his naval tenure.

4. Shashi Tharoor, Pax Indica: India and the world of the 21st Century, Penguin, London, 2012, p. 37.

5. Prasanta Kumar Pradhan, “Accelerating India’s ‘Look West Policy’ in the Gulf”, MP-IDSA Issue Brief, Manohar Parrikar Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses, 03 February 2011, p. 2.

6. Ibid.

7. Hasan Alhasan, no. 2, p.30.

8. Ibid.

9. Ranjit Gupta, “India’s Look East Policy”, in Atish Sinha and Madhup Mehta, (eds.), Indian Foreign Policy, Academic Foundation, New Delhi, 2007, pp. 357–359.

10. Baladas Ghoshal, China’s Perception of “Look East Policy”and Its Implications, MP-IDSA Monograph Series, No. 26, Manohar Parrikar Institute for Defence Studies and Analyses New Delhi, October 2013, pp. 26.

11. J.N. Dixit, Indian Foreign Policy and its Neighbours, Gyan Publishing House, New Delhi, 2001, p. 340.

12. Baladas Ghoshal, no.10, pp. 28–30.

13. “Brief on ASEAN-India relations”, Indian Mission to ASEAN, 2024 at https://www.indmissionasean.gov.in/pages/MjU,#:~:text=India%2DASEAN%2D%20Relations-,India%20began%20formal%20engagement%20with%20ASEAN%20in%201992%20as%20a,2. (Accessed on 13 March 2024)

14. Ibid.

15. “India-Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) decide to pursue resumption of Free Trade Agreement (FTA) Negotiations”, Government of India, Ministry of Commerce & Industry, 25 November 2022 at https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1878714. (Accessed on 28 January 2024)

16. Omair Anas, “India—West Asia Relations Under the ‘Nationalist’ Modi Government”, International Studies, 58(1), January 2021, pp. 70–71 at https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0020881720984324 (Accessed on 14 February 2024)

17. “PM Modi’s outreach to Islamic world has been exemplary, says Shashi Tharoor”, The Mint, 18 July 2023.

18. “India set to become 3rd largest economy by 2030, says S&P Global”, The Hindu Business Line, 5 December 2023 at https://www.thehindubusinessline.com/economy/india-set-to-become-3rd-largest-economy-by-2030-says-sp-global/article67607959.ece (Accessed on 14 March 2024)

19. Indian Navy, “Exercise Zair-Al-Bahr conducted between Indian Navy and Qatar Navy”, 21 March 2021, https://www.indiannavy.nic.in/content/exercise-zair-al-bahr-conducted-between-indian-navy-and-qatar-navy (Accessed on 18 March 2024)

20. Raid Qusti and M. Ghazanfar Ali Khan, “India Is My Second Home: Abdullah”, Arab News, 26 January 2006, at

https://www.arabnews.com/node/279485. (Accessed on 22 February 2024)

21. “Delhi Declaration: Signed by King Abdullah bin Abdulaziz Al Saud of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia and Prime Minister Dr. Manmohan Singh of India”, Government of India, Ministry of External Affairs, 6 January 2006 at https://mea.gov.in/bilateral-documents.htm?dtl/5969/Delhi_Declaration_Signed_by_King_Abdullah_bin_Abdulaziz_Al_Saud_of_the_Kingdom_of_Saudi_Arabia_and_Prime_Minister_Dr_Manmohan_Singh_of_India. (Accessed on 30 January 2024)

22. “Navy chief interacts with naval cadets from Saudi Arabia”, The Times of India, 14 June 2023 at https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/kochi/navy-chief-interacts-with-naval-cadets-from-saudi-arabia/articleshow/100717648.cms. (Accessed on 24 February 2024)

23. “Official Visit of Prime Minister to UAE”, Government of India, Ministry of External Affairs, 11 August 2015 at http://mea.gov.in/outoging-visit-detail.htm?25688/Official±Visit±of±Prime±Minister±to±UAE.html. (Accessed on 24 February 2024)

24. Rajeev Aggarwal, “Modi in Abu Dhabi: UAE holds key to India’s West Asia strategy”, India Today, 15 July 2023at https://www.indiatoday.in/opinion-columns/story/modi-in-abu-dhabi-uae-holds-key-to-indias-west-asia-strategy-2406837–2023-07-15. (Accessed on 3 March 2024)

25. Ibid.

26. “India, UAE Ink 14 Pacts in Key Areas Like Defence, Security”, The Economic Times, 13 July 2018.

27. “UAE-India Comprehensive Economic Partnership Agreement”, UAE Ministry of Economy at https://www.moec.gov.ae/en/cepa_india#:~:text=The%20UAE%2DIndia%20CEPA%20entered,80%20per%20cent%20of%20products. (Accessed on 4 March 2024)

28. “Amid Red Sea crisis, India gets a specific zone in Duqm Port”, Economic Times, 8 February 2024.

29. “India-Oman joint naval exercise from January 22”, The Economic Times, 19 January 2016.

30. “US announces new naval task force as Houthis threaten Red Sea shipping”, Al Monitor, 18 December 2023 at https://www.al-monitor.com/originals/2023/12/us-announces-new-naval-task-force-houthis-threaten-red-sea-shipping#ixzz8O20RUix5. (Accessed on 3 March 2024)

31. Dinakar Peri, “India begins cooperation with Bahrain-based Combined Maritime Forces”, The Hindu, 8 August 2022.

32. Missile destroyer “Imphal’ to be commissioned tomorrow”, Times of India, 25 December 2023 at https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/ins-imphal-indias-first-warship-named-after-a-northeast-city-to-be-commissioned/articleshow/106258855.cms (Accessed on 14 February 2024)

33. Indian Maritime Doctrine, 2016, p. 105, at https://www.indiannavy.nic.in/sites/default/files/Indian-Maritime-Doctrine-2009-Updated-12Feb16.pdf. (Accessed on 14 February)

34. Rajat Pandit, “India to help train Vietnam in submarine operations”, Times of India, 15 September 2011 at https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/India-to-help-train-Vietnam-in-submarine-operations/articleshow/9987596.cms. (Accessed on 14 February 2024)

35. Information Fusion Centre—Indian Ocean Region, 19 April 2021 at https://www.indiannavy.nic.in/ifc-ior/about-us.html. (Accessed on 15 February 2024)

36. “Illegal Drugs Seized by CMF French-led Combined Task Force 150 in Arabian Sea”, Combined Maritime Forces Public Affairs, 18 January 2024 at https://www.cusnc.navy.mil/Media/News/Display/Article/3648423/illegal-drugs-seized-by-cmf-french-led-combined-task-force-150-in-arabian-sea/ (Accessed on 14 February 2024)

37. “India’s defence exports to touch $2.88 billion in FY 2024: Finance Minister Sitharaman”, WION, 30 December 2023 at https://www.wionews.com/india-news/indias-defence-exports-to-touch-288-billion-in-fy-2024-finance-minister-sitharaman-674997. (Accessed on 14 February 2024)

38. “Defence Exports Rise 23 Times Share of ‘Made in India’ Products in Defence Procurement Up”, Government of India, Ministry of Defence, 31 May 2023, PIB at https://pib.gov.in/PressReleasePage.aspx?PRID=1928533#:~:text=India’s%20defence%20exports%20have%20reached,Crore%20in%20FY%202022%2D23. (Accessed on 14 February 2024)

39. Ibid.

40. This is based on the authors own experiences as a fleet surface warfare office with command experience at sea.

41. “Trends in World Military Expenditure”, SIPRI, 2022 at https://www.sipri.org/sites/default/files/2023–04/2304_fs_milex_2022.pdf. (Accessed on 15 March 2024)

42. “India to export BrahMos supersonic missile systems to Philippines in next 10 days: DRDO Chief”, The Economic Times, 25 January 2024 at https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/defence/india-to-export-brahmos-supersonic-missile-systems-to-philippines-in-next-10-days-drdo-chief/articleshow/107139068.cms?from=mdr (Accessed on 2 March 2024)

43. Rajeswari Pillai Rajagopalan, “The Strategic Logic Behind India’s Sale of BrahMos Missiles to the Philippines”, The Diplomat, 21 January 2022 at https://thediplomat.com/2022/01/the-strategic-logic-behind-indias-sale-of-brahmos-missiles-to-the-philippines/ (Accessed on 14 February 2024)

44. Olena Harmash and Tom Balmforth, “Ukrainian troops face artillery shortages, scale back some operations—commander”, Reuters, 18 December 2023 at https://www.reuters.com/world/europe/ukrainian-troops-face-artillery-shortages-scale-back-some-operations-commander-2023-12-18/ (Accessed on 14 February 2024)

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Shishir Upadhyaya

Shishir Upadhyaya is a former Indian naval Commander and Associate Professor at the American University in the Emirates, Dubai. He holds a PhD from the University of Wollongong, Australia, and is a Fellow of the Indo-Pacific Security Symposium under the US Department. of Defense.

Log in via your institution

Log in to Taylor & Francis Online

PDF download + Online access

  • 48 hours access to article PDF & online version
  • Article PDF can be downloaded
  • Article PDF can be printed
USD 53.00 Add to cart

Issue Purchase

  • 30 days online access to complete issue
  • Article PDFs can be downloaded
  • Article PDFs can be printed
USD 236.00 Add to cart

* Local tax will be added as applicable

Related Research

People also read lists articles that other readers of this article have read.

Recommended articles lists articles that we recommend and is powered by our AI driven recommendation engine.

Cited by lists all citing articles based on Crossref citations.
Articles with the Crossref icon will open in a new tab.