Multiple approaches to analyse and control seepage in hydraulic structures

Abstract

An excessive and uncontrolled seepage through hydraulic structures generally occurs through the structure; geological formations in vicinity of the reservoir or through the structure–foundation interface. The economical consequences of seepage can be large because of likelihood of induced structural instability. As such, it is imperative to study the complex problem of seepage through hydraulic structures systematically and by applying different methods of analysis such as geological and geotechnical methods, dam instrumentation, geophysical methods, tracer techniques, nuclear logging and mathematical modeling for monitoring, detecting and analysing seepage. The parameters derived through these methods are vital for adopting remedial measures necessary to reduce or prevent seepage effectively and economically. The paper describes the potential of these methods in seepage analysis and adopting suitable cost-effective control measures for mitigating seepage highlighting related case studies The case studies revealed that multidisciplinary approach of employing different methods has provided vital information and parameters on seepage-related problems. A multidisciplinary approach is needed to be followed judiciously and systematically in practice to accomplish the task of reducing or stopping seepage by adopting proper seepage control measures.

Keywords:

• seepage
• hydraulic structure
• piping
• tracer techniques
• geophysical methods

Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to Dr I.D. Gupta, Director, CWPRS, Pune for his guidance, encouragement and permission to publish this paper. Facilities and cooperation provided by the project authorities are acknowledged with thanks. This paper belongs to the papers presented at the Hydro-2012 conference held at IIT Bombay on December 7–8, 2012 that were short-listed by the Editor for publication in this Journal after re-review and revisions where necessary.