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Original Articles

Comparison of the Chemical Composition of Essential Oils Isolated by Water-steam Distillation and Hydrodistillation from Garden Thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.)

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Pages 832-842 | Received 24 Nov 2014, Accepted 15 Mar 2015, Published online: 02 Aug 2016
 

Abstract

The aim of the studies conducted in 2010–2012, was to compare the chemical composition of essential oils isolated from garden thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) by water-steam distillation and hydrodistillation in Deryng apparatus. Analysis of the isolated oils by GC-MS revealed the presence of 35 different components represented mainly by oxygenated monoterpenes (67.30–89.89%), monoterpene hydrocarbons (2.43–26.55%) and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons (2.93–4.94%). Thymol (57.14–71.29%) and carvacrol (10.38–20.40%) were the main constituents identified in water-steam distilled oil, while thymol (41.34–52.23%), carvacrol (10.12–16.73%), p-cymene (9.10–12.12%) and γ-terpinene (6.12–10.20%) dominated in hydrodistilled oil. On the basis of the obtained data it was proved that the distillation method had a significant effect on the chemical composition of garden thyme essential oil. There was no significant effect of distillation method on essential oil content found.

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