Runoff estimation and potential recharge site delineation using analytic hierarchy process

Abstract

One of the prime global issues in the field of hydrological science is water scarcity and its degrading quality. In this paper, geographic information system (GIS) and remote sensing techniques are applied over a study of granite watershed area of ∼200 km² with semi-arid climatic conditions for estimating surface runoff using a modified soil conservation service curve number method and subsequent site selection for water harvesting structures such as check dams and percolation ponds to enhance recharge of groundwater. Further, some of the sites selected for appropriate construction of recharge structures through analytic hierarchy process were investigated for site efficacy. All the recharge sites selected were found feasible and appropriately suitable. This study demonstrates the capability of GIS and its application for the construction of water harvesting structures over semi-arid areas.

Keywords:

• GIS
• recharge sites
• potential runoff
• AHP

Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to Dr P.S. Roy, Director, Indian Institute of Remote Sensing (IIRS), Dr S.P. Aggarwal, HOD, Water Resources Division, IIRS, and all his team members for their constant support during training programme. The authors also extend their gratitude towards the Director of the National Geophysical Research Institute, for encouraging them to bring out this work in the form of a publication.