Identifying tree health using sentinel-2 images: a case study on Tortrix viridana L. infected oak trees in Western Iran

Abstract

Forest land has a vital role in our planet ecosystem health. Forest areas are under natural and human pressure worldwide. Pests may have irreparable damages to vegetation cover; Tortrix viridana is one of the most important pests in the western forests of Iran and is mainly hosted by oak trees. In this study the performance of Sentinel-2 images to detect infected oaks by T. viridana in the Zagros forest habitat was considered. Vegetation indices (VIs) were extracted from affected and non-affected areas by T. viridana. The indices indices included normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), soil-adjusted vegetation index (SAVI), infrared percentage vegetation index (IPVI) and inverted red-edge chlorophyll index (IRECI) which were extracted from Sentinel-2 satellite images. The results of the present study show that VIs in affected and non-affected areas of the study site have significant differences at 99% of confidence level. In addition, the Spearman’s correlation coefficients between the VIs values in the affected and non-affected were 0.213, 0.213, 0.168 and 0.121 for IPVI, NDVI, IRECI and SAVI, respectively. This shows that Sentinel-2 images can be used to detect pests in forest areas.

Keywords:

• Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari
• remote sensing
• NDVI
• SAVI
• IPVI
• IRECI

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Farshad Haghighian

Conceptualization, F.H. and S.Y.; Data curation, F.H.; Formal analysis, S.Y., and S.K.; Investigation, F.H. and S.Y.; Methodology, S.Y., and S.K.; Resources, F.H.; Software, S.Y.

Saleh Yousefi

Conceptualization, F.H. and S.Y.; Data curation, F.H.; Formal analysis, S.Y., and S.K.; Investigation, F.H. and S.Y.; Methodology, S.Y., and S.K.; Resources, F.H.; Software, S.Y.

Saskia Keesstra

Conceptualization, F.H. and S.Y.; Data curation, F.H.; Formal analysis, S.Y., and S.K.; Investigation, F.H. and S.Y.; Methodology, S.Y., and S.K.; Resources, F.H.; Software, S.Y.