開發平行機台製造單元之多目標排程輔助系統

摘要

平行處理器(parallel processors)排程問瓸十分常見於製造業的群組技術製造單元、流 線型加工廠(flow shop)、計算機系統以及航空、紡織業等。本文探討平行機台製造單元(parallel machines manufacturing ceil / PMMC)內的排程問题，並將此一問題限制在以下範圃：(l)PMMC內包含數台功能類似但非完全相同的機台(non-identical parallel machines) ； (2)工件經過PMMC時僅需完成一道製程便離開；(3)機台存在著循序設定成本(sequencbdependent setup cost)；(4)同時考虑一個以上的排程目標。由於多目標排程問題爲一決策問题，一個排程的優劣，必須仰頼排程人員主觀的判斷，因此本文提出一人員/電腦互動式排程輔助系統，來引導排程人貝得到一較佳的排程結果。此一幅助系統提供了一個參數化派工法則，排程人員可以視排程縝效的俊劣，調整派工法則內的參數以變更派工邏輯，使得之後所產生的排程能在不同的排程縝效間，取得一個適當的取捨（平銜）。同時本文的另一重點在提出一系統化的開發程序，來閗發排程辅助系統內的摸擬模式與派工模組，並以一實際的晶圓針測區排程閗發經驗爲例，說明所提的開發程序。

Abstract

Parallel processor scheduling problems arise frequently in group-technology-cells, flow shops, multiple-processor computer systems, aircraft assignments, and textile plants. This paper aims at studying the scheduling problem of parallel machines manufacturing cell (PMMC) where (1) the machines are non-identical, (2) each job needs only one operation, (3) setup cost is sequence-dependent, and (4) more than one scheduling criteria are simultaneously considered. Since the multieriteria scheduling problem falls into the class of decision problems, the desirability of a schedule must be evaluated by a human scheduler. This paper hence proposes an interactive computer aided scheduling system (ICASS) for assisting the human scheduler in his scheduling task. The ICASS provides a parameterized dispatching rule in which dispatching logic can be modified through changing a set of dispatching parameters. Appropriately setting dispatching parameters can achieve a suitable trade-off between conflicting criteria. The main objective of this paper is also to propose a procedure for constructing an ICASS. According to this procedure, the production managers can easily develop their own scheduling systems. A real application, wafer sorting PMMC, is presented to demonstrate the workability of the proposed procedure.

關鍵詞:

• 平行機台
• 排程輔助系統
• 多目標
• 半導體製造

Key Words:

• parallel machines
• computer aided scheduler
• multicriteria
• semiconductor manufacturing