Real-time technique for conversion of skin temperature into skin blood flow: human skin as a low-pass filter for thermal waves

Abstract

Monitoring of skin blood flow oscillations related with mechanical activity of vessels is a very useful modality during diagnosis of peripheral hemodynamic disorders. In this study, we developed a new model and technique for real-time conversion of skin temperature into skin blood flow oscillations, and vice versa. The technique is based on the analogy between the thermal properties of the human skin and electrical properties of the special low-pass filter. Analytical and approximated impulse response functions for the low- and high-pass filters are presented. The general algorithm for the reversible conversion of temperature into blood flow is described. The proposed technique was verified using simulated or experimental data of cold stress, deep inspiratory gasp, and post-occlusive reactive hyperaemia tests. The implementation of the described technique will enable to turn a temperature sensor into a blood flow sensor.

Keywords:

• Skin temperature
• hemodynamics
• filtering
• low-pass filter
• blood flow imaging
• post-occlusive reactive hyperaemia

Disclosure statement

No conflict of interest reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

The study was supported by the Russian Science Foundation (project №. 17-75-10130).