Spatial distribution and temporal variability of stable water isotopes in a large and shallow lake^†

† Originally presented at the IAEA International Symposium on Isotope Hydrology: Revisiting Foundations and Exploring Frontiers, 11–15 May 2015, Vienna, Austria.

ABSTRACT

Stable isotopic compositions of lake water provide additional information on hydrological, meteorological and paleoclimate processes. In this study, lake water isotopic compositions were measured for more than three years in Lake Taihu, a large and shallow lake in southern China, to investigate the isotopic spatial and seasonal variations. The results indicated that (1) the whole-lake mean δ²H and δ¹⁸O values of the lake water varied seasonally from −48.4 ± 5.8 to −25.1 ± 3.2 ‰ and from −6.5 ± 0.9 to −3.5 ± 0.8 ‰, respectively, (2) the spatial pattern of the lake water isotopic compositions was controlled by the direction of water flow and not by local evaporation rate, and (3) using a one-site isotopic measurement to represent the whole-lake mean may result in unreasonable estimates of the isotopic composition of lake evaporation and the lake water residence time in poorly mixed lakes. The original data, documented here as an online supplement, provides a good reference for testing sensitivity of lake water budget to various isotopic sampling strategies. We propose that detailed spatial measurement of lake water isotopic compositions provides a good proxy for water movement and pollutant and alga transports, especially over big lakes.

KEYWORDS:

• Evaporation
• hydrogen-2
• isotope hydrology
• lake water
• oxygen-18
• residence time
• spatial distribution
• seasonal variability
• Taihu lake

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Notes

† Originally presented at the IAEA International Symposium on Isotope Hydrology: Revisiting Foundations and Exploring Frontiers, 11–15 May 2015, Vienna, Austria.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China [41475141, 31100359, 41505005 and 41575147]; the U.S. National Science Foundation [1520684]; the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province, China [BK20150900]; the Ministry of Education of China [PCSIRT]; the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions [PAPD]; and the Setup Foundation for Introducing Talent of Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology [2014r046].