Metabolites from the plant endophytic fungus Penicillium sp. CPCC 401423 and their cytotoxic activity against MIA PaCa-2 cells

Abstract

Twenty-two metabolites were isolated from Penicillium sp. CPCC 401423 cultured on rice. The structures of all compounds were elucidated mainly by MS and NMR analysis as well as the necessary CD experimental evidence, of which penicillidione A (1), penicillidione B (2), (E)-4-[(4-acetoxy-3-methyl-2-butenyl)oxy]phenylacetic acid (3), (S)-2-hydroxy-2-{4-[(3-methyl-2-butenyl)oxy]phenyl} (4), (S)-4-(2,3-dihydroxy-3-methyl-butoxy)phenylacetic acid (5), (E)-4-[(3-carboxy-2-butenyl)oxy]benzoic acid (6), (Z)-4-[(4-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-butenyl)oxy]benzoic acid (7), open-cycled N-demethylmelearoride A (12), and penostatin M (16) were identified as new compounds. The cytotoxic activity against human pancreatic carcinoma cell line MIA PaCa-2a was detected. Among them, compounds 13–15 and 22 displayed significant cytotoxicity against MIA-PaCa-2 cells with IC₅₀ values of 8.9, 36.5, 31.8, and 22.3 µM, respectively (positive control gemcitabine IC₅₀ 65.0 µM).

Graphical Abstract

Keywords:

• Fungus
• Penicillium sp.
• MIA PaCa-2
• cytotoxic activity

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Supporting information

MS and NMR spectra and the necessary CD spectra for the isolated compounds are available as supporting information.

Additional information

Funding

We acknowledge financial support from the CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (CIFMS) [2021-I2M-1-055] and National Microbial Resource Center [NMRC-2020-3].