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Abstract
Effects of varying dosages of a water-bearing warm mix asphalt (WMA) additive, Advera®, on a performance grade (PG) binder, PG 64-22, were evaluated. The effectiveness of an amine-based liquid anti-stripping (AS) agent, AD-here® HP Plus, on the Advera®-modified binder was also studied. Furthermore, the effect of reduced oxidative ageing on Advera®-modified binder was investigated. The optimum dosage of Advera® was found to be 6% (by the mass of the binder), which did not alter the base binder's PG. A fairly small amount (0.5%) of the AS agent was found to be effective in increasing the fatigue and low temperature resistances of the Advera®-modified binder. A notable reduction in the high PG temperature was observed when the Advera®-modified binder was aged (short term) at 135°C, and this observation is in agreement with the test results of the Advera® mix, which showed excessive rutting and moisture susceptibility. Test data from a rotational viscometer showed no reduction in the viscosity and the production temperature of the Advera® mix thereof, indicating the need of an alternate laboratory test method to simulate the working mechanism of Advera®. The findings of this study are expected to enhance the inventory of rheological database and help in implementing WMA mixes in Oklahoma and elsewhere.
Acknowledgements
The authors would like to express their sincere appreciation to the Oklahoma Transportation Center (OTC) for providing funding for this project through the Turner-Fairbank Highway Research Center, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA). The authors also appreciate Valero Refinery, PQ Corporation and Arr-Maz Chemicals for providing materials for this study. Special thanks are also extended to Dr. Steve Cross from Oklahoma State University for providing mixture data for this study. The authors appreciate Mr Danny Gierhart from Asphalt Institute (AI) for providing technical advice in this study. Thanks are due to former graduates from the University of Oklahoma, Justin Sneed and Ashish Gupta, for their assistance in conducting some laboratory tests of this study.
Notes
1. Doctoral candidate.
2. David Ross Boyd Professor and Aaron Alexander Professor, Associate Dean for Research and Graduate Education, Email: [email protected]
3. Francis W. Winn Professor, Email: [email protected]
4. Pavement Engineering Manager IV, Email: [email protected]