The Validity of Goal Achievement as an Outcome Measure in Physical Rehabilitation Day Hospitals for Older People

Abstract

Physical rehabilitation day hospitals are widely used community‐based services designed to meet the medical and rehabilitation needs of older people. While there is evidence for the effectiveness of these services, concerns about the shortcomings of how this is measured have led to the recommendation that the achievement of individually tailored goals be used to assess outcomes. This study considered whether such goal achievement demonstrated validity with respect to a standardised measure. The association between goal achievement and change in Nottingham Health Profile‐Part 1 (NHP‐1) scores was considered for 102 people attending four physical rehabilitation day hospitals. The predicted significant positive relationship between the percentage of goals achieved by participants and NHP‐1 scores was not found. This remained evident when functional goals were considered separately to medical goals. Further subsidiary analyses identified a complex relationship between goal achievement and NHP‐1 change scores. For those with higher change scores, there was a significant negative association between NHP‐1 change and goal achievement; while for those with lower (or negative) change scores, there was a significant positive association. A curve estimate regression confirmed a highly significant quadratic (curvilinear) relationship. Possible reasons for this finding might include the timing and nature of the goals set, the potential complication of some participants having cognitive impairment, as well as the use of the NHP‐1 as a comparison measure. At this time it is recommended that goal achievement only be used alongside other measures of day hospital outcome.

Keywords:

• day care
• geriatrics
• goals
• healthcare service for the aged
• treatment outcome
• validity

Acknowledgements

This study received funding from the National Health Service (England), Research and Development Fund, Budget 1. Thanks are due to the following for their support: Monika Busch, Sophie Dewar, Ruth Turk, the staff and patients of the Surrey Community Health Day Hospitals including Norman Day Hospital, Milford Assessment and Rehabilitation Centre, Florence Desmond Day Hospital and Cranleigh Day Hospital. Opinions reflect those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect those of the funding agency. The authors had no financial or other conflicts of interest.