Japanese security policy formation: assessing the Koizumi revolution

Abstract

Since the turn of the century, Japanese security policy seems to have taken a more proactive, assertive turn. To what extent does this new security profile on Japan's part represent fundamental change in terms of security policy formation, security norms and security practice? This article analyses post-9/11 Japanese security policy formation by examining changes to policy-making processes and norms during and after Koizumi's tenure between 2001 and 2006, and assesses whether the Koizumi legacy is likely to endure. While there was a sea change in post-war Japanese politics in 2009, a government led by the Democratic Party of Japan (DPJ) will most likely represent essential continuity of twenty-first-century security policy trends and, indeed, will probably attempt a clearer and more determined articulation of these trends. The fact that the DPJ-led government promises revolutionary change to policy-making processes centred on the prime minister's office repackages the Koizumi era as one that is precedent-forming for a DPJ-led administration, particularly in the field of security policy. Developments in Japan's twenty-first-century security policy have become important indicators of deep structural change in Japanese politics, and are closely associated with the maturation of Japan's post-war democracy.

Keywords:

• Koizumi
• DPJ (Democratic Party of Japan)
• security norms

Notes

1. For the text of Article 9, see <www.japan101.com/government/ article_9_of_japan.html>.

2. The gnashing of teeth over that anniversary was important background noise for the 2001 debates. See Gaikō Fōramu (September 2001).

3. These major reforms include the 1994 electoral reforms, the Political Funds Control Law, and the 1999 reforms to the Diet and Cabinet. For an assessment of the political impact of these reforms, see Mishima Ko (2007).

4. See Hughes (2005: 64) for a contrary view, and Shinoda (2005: 821) in support of this assertion.

Additional information

Notes on contributors

Rikki Kersten

Rikki Kersten is Professor of Modern Japanese Political History in the Department of Political and Social Change in the School of International, Political and Strategic Studies at the Australian National University. Her research interests include modern Japanese political thought, Japanese democracy, fascism, war responsibility debates, revisionism, foreign policy and security policy