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Abstract
Background: Guidelines for the design of multiple-choice item (MCQ) tests of evidence-based medicine (EBM) and clinical decision making (CDM) have not been published. Purpose and Methods: We describe a strategy to develop an EBM/CDM MCQ test database guided by educational theory and used psychometric analyses, including reliability, validity, and item analyses, to judge the strategy's success. Results: The internal consistency reliability of tests derived from the database was in the good-to-excellent range (0.74–0.95) and test–retest reliability was fair (0.51). One test discriminated across three levels of EBM/CDM learners (discriminant validity). Tests also predictively correlated with other medical school assessments according to theory (convergent and discriminant validity). The items were infrequently misclassified, had statistics close to historical standards, and were acceptable after no more than one round of revisions. Conclusions: Our strategy for developing an EBM/CDM MCQ database was successful and tests derived from it can be flexibly sampled to assess different EBM/CDM knowledge domains and three levels of EBM/CDM learners. Assuming the availability of similar resources to support its application, this strategy should be replicable at other settings.
Acknowledgments
Some of the activities described in the article are part of a larger study on EBM and CDM scholarship. This broader study received approval from the Wright State University Office of Research and Sponsored Programs. We thank the BSOM Office of Academic Affairs, Karen Kirkham, MD, and Gary Onady, PhD, MD, for their assistance with data acquisition.