Power Ultrasound, Microwaves, and Nanomagnetite Organocatalyst: A Comparison Protocol in Anti-selective Aldol and Mannich Reaction

ABSTRACT

An efficient, rapid, and energy-efficient approach to asymmetric Mannich reaction was developed using different conditions such as ultrasonic and microwave irradiations in the presence of nano-Fe₃O₄–L-proline as nanomagnetic organocatalyst. This work has been successful in achieving the comparison trend under different conditions. Good yields of the desired products were obtained by ultrasound-assisted reaction utilizing of Fe₃O₄–L-proline NPs. The major advantages of this protocol are accessible conditions, easy work up, shorter reaction time, anti-selectivity, and higher yields in comparison with other methods.

KEYWORDS:

• L-proline
• magnetite nanoparticles
• Mannich reaction
• microwave irradiation
• recyclability
• ultrasonic irradiation

Funding

The authors are grateful to the Department of Chemistry, Kashan University for supporting this work.