A Novel Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Nanomaterial: preparation, Characterization and Application in Synthesis of Diverse Heterocycles

Abstract

Immobilization of metal ions on the inorganic supports has found many interesting biological, industrial, and catalysis applications. In this work, a novel organic–inorganic hybrid nanomaterial (nano-Fe₃O₄@TiO₂-Pr-2AB@Cu) using simple chemical co-precipitation method, functionalization and subsequent incorporation of copper ion was prepared. The structure of hybrid nanomaterial was characterized by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), the field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area analysis, and inductively coupled plasma-optical emission spectrometry (ICP/OES). Subsequently, the catalytic properties of the prepared hybrid nanostructure were investigated in green synthesis of dihydropyridines, amidoalkylnaphthols, and chromene derivatives. The desired products were identified by FT-IR and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopies. The catalyst could be recycled for seven reaction runs with slight loss of the catalytic activity and negligible copper (Cu) leaching. Some other advantages of this method are the short reaction time, high yield, easy separation of the catalyst by the external magnetic field, and easy workup procedure.

Graphical Abstract

KEYWORD:

• Green synthesis
• metal-organic hybrid material
• magnetic nanoparticles
• hybrid catalyst
• heterocycles

Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of this work by the research council of Arak University.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.