Ciprofloxacin: Binding Efficacy with DNA and Enhanced Photocatalytic Degradation by ZrO₂ Synthesized Using Coffee Extract

Abstract

We investigated the effect of Ciprofloxacin (CFX) on DNA conformation. Hyperchromic effect reflects the corresponding changes of DNA in its conformation and structure after the CFX –DNA interaction has occurred. Spectroscopic evidence revealed that CFX binds DNA with overall binding constant of K (Ciprofloxacin –DNA) = 1.5 × 10⁴ M⁻¹. At the other part of this study, we present a green approach to synthesize m-ZrO₂ nanoparticles using coffee extract, leads to the formation of particles possessing the structure of monoclinic. They characterized by XRD, FT-IR, Raman, DRS, XPS, FESEM, and HRTEM. The absorption spectrum of sample shows that the optical band gap was 2.9 eV. The prepared catalyst was used in the photocatalytic degradation of CFX using irradiation and the optimum parameters were obtained as: 0.2 g L⁻¹ of the catalyst, at pH 5.5 and irradiation time of 15 min.

Keywords:

• ZrO2
• ciprofloxacin
• coffee extract
• DNA
• binding constant
• photocatalitic activity

Acknowledgment

We wish to thank the Islamic Azad University, Central Tehran Branch, for its invaluable support throughout the project.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Figure 11. FTIR spectra of the free calf-thymus DNA and ciprofloxacin complexes at different molar ratios in the region of 1800–600 cm⁻¹ in aqueous solution.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by Ahar Branch, Islamic Azad University.