Carbothioamide Based Pyrazoline Derivative: Synthesis, Single Crystal Structure, DFT/TD-DFT, Hirshfeld Surface Analysis and Biological Studies

Abstract

In order to develop a potent antifungal agent, a carbothioamide-based pyrazoline derivative (3a) was synthesized. Molecular structure of compound has been confirmed using spectroscopic techniques viz. FT-IR, UV-visible, NMR, Raman spectroscopy, mass spectrometry and single crystal X-ray crystallography. Furthermore, potential antifungal activity of compound 3a was screened against three candida strains such as C. albicans, C. glabrata and C. tropicalis. For antifungal experimental validated by molecular docking study with sterol 14a-demethylase (CYP51) (PDB ID: 5JLC, 5V5Z, 6T1U) by using the Autodock Vina software. Antioxidant assay results suggested that compound possesses good radical scavenging activity against diverse free radical (DPPH). The intercalative mode of interaction of compound with Calf thymus DNA (Ct-DNA) was confirmed from spectroscopic techniques such as UV-vis., fluorescence, cyclic voltammetry and competitive assay using ethidium bromide. B3LYP technique and 6-311 ++ G (d, p) basis set were employed to optimize molecular structure and calculate wavenumbers of normal vibrational modes. A complete depiction of the intermolecular interactions on crystal surfaces is provided by Hirshfeld surface analysis, and fingerprint plots were found. The computed parameters and the experimental bond lengths and bond angles were in good agreement. The chemical shifts of the ¹H and ¹³C-NMR spectra were estimated using the GIAO method and experimental spectra were contrasted. With the aid of the TD-DFT approach and the PCM solvent model, electronic characteristics like UV-Vis (in gas phase, ethanol and DMSO) were examined. The outcomes were then compared to experimental UV-Vis spectra.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords:

• Pyrazoline
• antifungal
• Ct-DNA
• DFT/TD-DFT
• Hirshfeld surface analysis

Acknowledgments

The authors thank Prof. Nahid Nishat, Head, Department of Chemistry and Central Instrumentation Facility (CIF), Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi for providing instrumentation facility.

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

MR thanks CSIR for financial assistance as NET-SRF [09/466(0228)/2019-EMR-I].