Green Synthesis of 1H-Benzo[d]Imidazol-2-yl-4-(Aryldiazenyl)Phenol and Bis Benzo[d]Imidazoles Using Fe₃O₄@Silicapropyl@Vanillin/Thiamin Nanoparticles

Abstract

Fe₃O₄@Silicapropyl@Vanillin/Thiamin nanoparticles were synthesized by a simple immobilization method using cheap and natural materials. The nanocatalyst was analyzed by XRD, FT-IR, FE-SEM, TEM, VSM and TGA techniques and was applied as a new, effective and magnetically recoverable solid acid for the synthesis of azo-linked benzo[d]imidazoles or bis benzo[d]imidazoles via the reaction of corresponding aldehydes and 1,2-diaminobenzene in water as green solvent. At the end of reaction, the catalyst could be separated by filtration of mixture in the presence of an external magnet and recycled for 7 consecutive runs, without significant decrease in efficiency. This avenue for the synthesis of benzo[d]imidazoles has advantages such as simplicity in operation, and green aspect by avoiding toxic conventional catalysts and solvents.

Graphical Abstract

Keywords:

• Fe₃O₄@Silicapropyl@Vanillin/Thiamin
• green chemistry
• benzo[d]imidazoles

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Additional information

Funding

Financial support from the Research Council of Payame Noor University of Rasht branch is sincerely acknowledged.