http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3036-5249
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ABSTRACT
Two-dimensional simulations of natural convection driven by the absorption of nonuniform concentrated solar radiation in a molten binary salt-filled enclosure inclined at 0 ≤ ϕ ≤ 60 are presented. The enclosure is volumetrically heated from the top boundary and accommodates a black rigid, heat-conducting plate of finite thickness at the lower boundary, which aids in the generation of natural convective mixing at the lower boundary. The governing equations that account for the depth-dependent absorption of radiation are solved using the finite-element method. Numerical results reveal that increasing the inclination angles decreases the natural convection and higher Rayleigh promotes natural convection.
Nomenclature
| C | = | concentration ratio |
| Cp | = | heat capacity, J(kgK)−1 |
| D | = | diameter m |
| G | = | acceleration due to gravity, ms−2 |
| H | = | height, m |
| h | = | mesh element size, m |
| I | = | solar irradiation, Wm−2 |
| k | = | thermal conductivity, W(mK)−1 |
| Nu | = | Nusselt number |
| P | = | pressure, Pa |
| Pr | = | Prandtl number |
| S | = | volumetric heat generation, Wm−3 |
| q | = | heat flux, Wm−2 |
| Ra | = | Rayleigh number |
| T | = | temperature, K |
| t | = | time, s |
| α | = | absorption coefficient, m−1 |
| η | = | optical efficiency |
| κ | = | thermal diffusivity, m2s−1 |
| λ | = | wavelength, m |
| µ | = | dynamic viscosity, Nsm−2 |
| ϑ | = | kinematic viscosity, m2s−1 |
| ρ | = | density, kgm−3 |
| θ | = | inclination angle |
| V | = | velocity, ms−1 |
| u x | = | velocity component, ms−1 |
| v y | = | velocity component, ms−1 |
| w z | = | velocity component, ms−1 |
Nomenclature
| C | = | concentration ratio |
| Cp | = | heat capacity, J(kgK)−1 |
| D | = | diameter m |
| G | = | acceleration due to gravity, ms−2 |
| H | = | height, m |
| h | = | mesh element size, m |
| I | = | solar irradiation, Wm−2 |
| k | = | thermal conductivity, W(mK)−1 |
| Nu | = | Nusselt number |
| P | = | pressure, Pa |
| Pr | = | Prandtl number |
| S | = | volumetric heat generation, Wm−3 |
| q | = | heat flux, Wm−2 |
| Ra | = | Rayleigh number |
| T | = | temperature, K |
| t | = | time, s |
| α | = | absorption coefficient, m−1 |
| η | = | optical efficiency |
| κ | = | thermal diffusivity, m2s−1 |
| λ | = | wavelength, m |
| µ | = | dynamic viscosity, Nsm−2 |
| ϑ | = | kinematic viscosity, m2s−1 |
| ρ | = | density, kgm−3 |
| θ | = | inclination angle |
| V | = | velocity, ms−1 |
| u x | = | velocity component, ms−1 |
| v y | = | velocity component, ms−1 |
| w z | = | velocity component, ms−1 |