Mixed convective-quadratic radiative MoS₂–SiO₂/H₂O hybrid nanofluid flow over an exponentially shrinking permeable Riga surface with slip velocity and convective boundary conditions: Entropy and stability analysis

Abstract

In this work, the flow of a hybrid $\mathit{\text{Mo}}{S}_2-\mathit{\text{Si}}{O}_2$/water nanofluid across a porous exponentially diminishing Riga surface with the effects of quadratic heat radiation is taken into account. We also considered the effects of mixed convection, slip velocity, and convective thermal boundary conditions. Before numerically solving the governing partial differential equations, the MATLAB function bvp4c was used to get a comprehensive description of all relevant flow characteristics. The ramifications of physical characteristics concerning fluid flow and thermal profile are investigated using graphs and tables. The primary objective of this study is to investigate the Nusselt number, skin friction coefficient, and entropy production. Using the second law of thermodynamics, the irreversibility factor is computed. For a given value of the mass suction parameter, the findings also indicate the occurrence of dual-nature solutions in the shrinking sheet area, with a stable upper solution branch and unstable bottom solution branch. In addition, the first solution produces a positive minimum eigenvalue, whereas the second solution produces a negative eigenvalue, showing the stability of the first solution. For heat transfer enhancement, the existence of quadratic thermal radiative parameter impacts is more advantageous. With a larger value for the modified Hartman number, the velocity field has expanded. Also, recent research demonstrates that raising the thermal Biot number enhances the thermal gradient. Increases in nanoparticle volume fraction and thermal radiation parameters lead to a commensurate rise in entropy production. Because of these findings, we can better regulate the temperature of various environments by controlling the flow of heat.

Keywords:

• Convective boundary conditions
• entropy generation
• hybrid nanofluid
• mixed convection
• quadratic thermal radiation
• shrinking permeable riga surface
• stability analysis

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Data availability statement

The data used to support the findings are included in the article.