Radiative ternary nanoliquid flow over an exponentially stretching sheet with motile oxytactic microorganisms

Abstract

This article examines the mixed convection ternary nanoliquid flow containing a suspension of oxytactic microorganisms under the impact of nonlinear thermal radiation. The potential applications include microbiology, biotechnology, biosensors, cell therapy, medication release system, and protein expression. The governing equations that handle the problem are partial differential equations, they are dimensional, nonlinear in nature, and are nondimensionalized by using nonsimilar transformations. Further, for the computation of mathematical analysis, the Quasilinearization technique and numerical method such as the implicit finite difference scheme are used. The impacts of varying relevant factors on velocity, temperature, and microbe density are thoroughly examined. Results designate that the radiation factor favorably affects the velocity and temperature profiles. The rate of mass transport of liquid oxygen rises by about 45% when the Schmidt number grows from 1 to 2. The coefficient of skin friction is found to be more for ternary nanofluid than hybrid nanoliquid and nanoliquid. The current analysis compares the solution to earlier literature and finds that there is a good agreement.

Keywords:

• Bioconvection
• finite difference scheme
• nonlinear thermal radiation
• quasilinearization
• ternary nanofluid

Disclosure statement

The authors affirm that they have no known financial or interpersonal conflicts that would have appeared to have an impact on the research presented in this study.

Data availability statement

Data sharing not applicable—no new data generated