Influence of cross-diffusion and activation energy on MHD Williamson nanofluid flow over a nonlinear stretching sheet

Abstract

The aim of the present research work is to explore a numerical study on a MHD Williamson nanofluid flow through a Darcy-Forchheimer porous medium confined by a nonlinearly stretching flat surface. The deleterious impacts of thermal radiation, Soret, and Dufour have been taken into careful consideration in the current analysis. Thermophoresis and Brownian diffusion are phenomena that arise from the presence of nanoparticles in a base fluid, resulting in concentration and random motion, respectively. The nonlinear partial differential equations that exert control are converted into nonlinear ordinary differential equations by means of appropriate similarity transformations. The resulting ordinary differential equations are resolved by applying the Runge-Kutta-Fehlberg method in conjunction with the shooting technique. The graphical findings demonstrate the heightened speed of the liquid in relation to both the magnetic field and the porosity factor, as it simultaneously exhibits a declining pattern with regards to the fluid factor. The temperature increases in accordance with elevated radiation levels, Brownian motion, and thermophoresis factors, whereas it diminishes in correspondence with the Prandtl number. The concentration of nanofluid intensifies as the strength of Soret number and activation energy. Drag factor is reduced with strong magnetic fields and porous medium factors, whereas it has the opposite behavior with inertial force. Heat transfer rate is inversely related to the Soret and Dufour numbers. Increasing the chemical reaction factor results in enhancing the efficiency of mass transfer, whereas the mass transfer rate declines as the Soret and activation energy factors increase. The results obtained in the current work have a decent agreement when assessed with earlier published literature.

Keywords:

• Cross-diffusions
• Darcy-Forchheimer relation
• MHD
• stretching sheet
• thermal radiation
• Williamson nanofluid

Disclosure statement

The authors have no conflict of interest.