Isoniazid: A Review of Characteristics, Properties and Analytical Methods

ABSTRACT

Isoniazid is a synthetic antimicrobial and one of the most important first-line drugs used in the treatment of tuberculosis. Since it was introduced in the therapy in 1952, the drug remains at the front line of the antituberculosis treatment mainly due to its potency and high selectivity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Pharmaceutical analysis and therapeutic drug monitoring of isoniazid in both, pharmaceuticals and biological samples, plays an important role to comprehend aspects regarding to bioavailability, bioequivalence and therapeutic monitoring during patients following-up. In the last case, validated and simple methods are extremely useful for Public Healthy in order to guarantee the drug efficacy, safety and reduce the tuberculosis resistance. Among the available analytical tools, HPLC-based methods coupled to ultraviolet or mass spectroscopy are the most widely used techniques to quantify isoniazid. Therefore, this review highlights the main analytical methods reported in the literature for determination of isoniazid focusing in HPLC-based methods.

KEYWORDS:

• Analytical methods
• high performance liquid chromatography
• isoniazid
• mass spectroscopy
• ultraviolet

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Funding

The authors thank the Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP grants 2016/09502-7; 2014/02240-1) for financial support.