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ABSTRACT
The use of electroanalytical techniques for the determination of statins (Atorvastatin, Fluvastatin, Lovastatin, Pitavastatin, Pravastatin, Rosuvastatin and Simvastatin) is reviewed covering the period from 1997 to 2016. Among all of the published electrochemical methods, voltammetry and polarography are the most popular techniques for the determination of statins, and both are used for the analysis of pharmaceutical dosage forms and biological samples. The determination of statins by a potentiometric method using ion-selective electrodes is reported in only few papers. Сoulometry and conductometry have been not used for the determination of statins till date. Current trends in developing new electrochemical methods for the analysis of statins are discussed.
Abbreviations
| AB-DHP | = | acetylene black-dihexadecyl hydrogen phosphate |
| AdsDPV | = | differential pulse adsorptive stripping voltammetry |
| AdsSWV | = | square-wave anodic adsorptive stripping voltammetry |
| ASV | = | abrasive stripping voltammetry |
| ATO | = | Atorvastatin |
| BDDE | = | boron-doped diamond electrode |
| BMIMPF6 | = | 1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate |
| BR buffer | = | Britton–Robinson buffer |
| CoN | = | sodium cobaltinitrite |
| CNTs | = | carbon nanotubes |
| CPE | = | carbon paste electrode |
| CTAB | = | cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide |
| CV | = | cyclic voltammetry |
| DBP | = | dibutyl phthalate |
| DHP | = | dihexadecyl hydrogen phosphate |
| DME | = | dropping mercury electrode |
| DOP | = | dioctyl phthalate |
| DPP | = | differential pulse polarography |
| DPV | = | differential pulse voltammetry |
| DTUH | = | 5,6 diamino-2-thiouracil hydrochloride |
| FLU | = | Fluvastatin |
| GCE | = | glassy carbon electrode |
| GPE | = | graphite paste electrode |
| HMDE | = | hanging mercury drop electrode |
| IA | = | ionic associate |
| ISE | = | ion-selective electrode |
| LOD | = | limit of detection |
| LOV | = | Lovastatin |
| LSV | = | linear sweep voltammetry |
| MPM | = | matched potential method |
| MWCNTs | = | multi-walled carbon nanotubes |
| Osteryoung AdsSWV | = | Osteryoung square wave adsorptive stripping voltammetric |
| o-NPOE | = | o-nitrophenyl octyl ether |
| PIGE | = | paraffin-impregnated graphite electrode |
| PIT | = | Pitavastatin |
| PMA | = | phosphomolybdic acid |
| PPY | = | polypirrole |
| PRA | = | Pravastatin |
| p-TSA | = | p-toluene sulfonic acid |
| PTA | = | phosphotungstic acid |
| PVC | = | polyvinyl chloride |
| ROS | = | Rosuvastatin |
| RSD | = | relative standard deviation |
| SDBS | = | sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate |
| SIM | = | Simvastatin |
| SMDE | = | static mercury drop electrode |
| SPCE | = | screen-printed carbon electrode |
| SSM | = | separate solution method |
| SSP | = | single-sweep polarography |
| THF | = | tetrahydrofuran |
| tr | = | response time of electrode |
| tl | = | lifetime of electrode |
| TOP | = | tris-2-ethyl-hexyl phosphate |
| TPB | = | tetraphenylborate |
| VACNT-GOE | = | vertically aligned carbon nanotube-graphene oxide electrode |
Acknowledgments
Antal acknowledges the support of the National Scholarship Programme for the Support of Mobility (SAIA) for an opportunity to stay and work at the Institute of Experimental Physics SAS in Kosice (Slovakia).
Funding
This work was supported by the Slovak Research and Development Agency under the contract nos. APVV-14-0120 and APVV-14-0932, by COST TD 1402 Radiomag, by the Ministry of Education Agency for Structural Funds of EU (Project ITMS 26210120012 and 26220120033), by the Slovak Scientific Grant Agency projects VEGA 2/0141/16.