A Critical Review of Analytical Methods for Quantification of Amphotericin B in Biological Samples and Pharmaceutical Formulations

Abstract

Amphotericin B (AmB) is an important antifungal agent available in the clinical practice with the action mechanism related to the inhibition of ergosterol molecule present in the fungal cell wall. Given this, in order to expand AmB knowledge, this review article gathers important information of the AmB physical, chemical, and biological properties. In addition, the main analytical methods for quantifying and determining the AmB were also reported in this review, such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), liquid chromatography, tandem mass spectrophotometry (LC-MS/MS), immunoenzymatic assay (ELISA), capillary zone electrophoresis (CE) stands out and among others. Based in this review article, the scientific community will have important information to choose the best method for analysis in their scientific or clinical research, providing greater security and reliability in the obtained results.

Keywords:

• Amphotericin B
• antifungal
• drug monitoring
• HPLC
• LC-MS/MS

Disclosure statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors.

Additional information

Funding

We thank São Paulo Research Foundation – FAPESP (grant#2018/23442-2). This study was financed in part by the Coordenacão de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Ensino Superior – Brasil (CAPES) – Finance code – 001. This study is part of the National Institute of Science and Technology in Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology: a transdisciplinary approach INCT-NANOFARMA, which is supported by São Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP, Brazil) Grant #2014/50928-2, and by ‘‘Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico’’ (CNPq, Brazil) Grant # 465687/2014-8.