Integration of Metallic Nanomaterials and Recognition Elements for the Specifically Monitoring of Pesticides in Electrochemical Sensing

Abstract

Although all countries have been controlling the excessive use of pesticides, incidents of pesticide residues still existed. Electrochemical biosensors are extensively applied detection techniques to monitor pesticides with the help of different types of biorecognition components mainly including, antibodies, aptamers, enzymes (i.e., acetylcholinesterase, organophosphorus hydrolase, etc.), and synthetic molecularly imprinted polymers. Besides, the electrode materials mainly affected the sensitivity of electrochemical biosensors. Metallic nanomaterials with various structures and excellent electrical conductivity were desirable choice to construct electrochemical platforms to achieve the detection with high sensitivity and good specificity toward the target. This work reviewed the developed metallic materials including monometallic nanoparticles, bimetallic nanomaterials, metal atoms, metal oxides, metal molybdates, metal-organic frameworks, MXene, etc. Integration of recognition elements endowed the electrode materials with higher specificity toward the target pesticide. Besides, future challenges of metallic nanomaterials-based electrochemical biosensors for the detection of pesticides are also discussed and described.

Keywords:

• Electrochemical biosensor
• metallic nanomaterials
• aptamer
• pesticides

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

Additional information

Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 31901766), Financial support from the Talents of High Level Scientific Research Foundation, Qingdao Agricultural University (No.1119014, 1120023), and Breeding Plan of Shandong Provincial Qingchuang Research Team (2019).